Oil pollution in soils and sediments from the Northern Peruvian Amazon

Rosell‐Melé, Antoni; Moraleda-Cibrián, Núria; Cartró-Sabaté, Mar; Colomer‐Ventura, Ferran; Mayor, Pedro; Orta-Martínez, Martí

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.208

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…; Rosell‐Melé et al . ). Health impacts associated with oil and gas drilling in the Ecuadorian Amazon include elevated rates of miscarriages, diarrhea, gastritis, and various forms of cancer (San Sebastián and Hurtig ).…”

Section: Protection For Indigenous Lands Excludes Subsurface Mineral mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Communities living in proximity to oil development also suffer from adverse health impacts. Studies of Indigenous communities along Peru's Corrientes River have documented cases of chemical exposure as a consequence of subsistence diets based on fish or wildlife that consume water or soils contaminated with oil (Orta-Martínez et al 2018;Rosell-Melé et al 2018). Health impacts associated with oil and gas drilling in the Ecuadorian Amazon include elevated rates of miscarriages, diarrhea, gastritis, and various forms of cancer (San Sebastián and Hurtig 2004).…”

Section: Protection For Indigenous Lands Excludes Subsurface Mineral mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy development reveals blind spots for ecosystem conservation in the Amazon Basin

Anderson

Osborne

Maldonado‐Ocampo

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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Energy development – as manifested by the proliferation of hydroelectric dams and increased oil and gas exploration – is a driver of change in Amazonian ecosystems. However, prevailing approaches to Amazonian ecosystem conservation that focus on terrestrial protected areas and Indigenous territories do not offer sufficient insurance against the risks associated with energy development. Here, we explore three related areas of concern: the exclusion of subsurface rights on Indigenous lands; the absence of frameworks for freshwater ecosystem conservation; and downgrading, downsizing, degazettement (loss of protection), and reclassification of protected areas. We consider these issues from the perspectives of multiple countries across the Amazon Basin, and link them directly to energy development. Finally, we offer suggestions for addressing the challenges of energy development for Amazon ecosystem conservation through existing policies, new approaches, and international collaboration.

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Section: Protection For Indigenous Lands Excludes Subsurface Mineral mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Protection For Indigenous Lands Excludes Subsurface Mineral mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy development reveals blind spots for ecosystem conservation in the Amazon Basin

Anderson

Osborne

Maldonado‐Ocampo

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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“…The first objective arose from a growing concern of the Kukama people after multiple oil spills had recently occurred across their territory, which moreover overlaps with a 2-million-ha protected area called Pacaya Samiria (the largest in Peru and the second largest in the Amazon), and government inaction with respect to accident prevention and post-spill ecological restoration, despite the severe consequences on peoples and the ecosystem heath derived from oil pollution of soils and water in the area [80,81]. The second objective stemmed from the fact that it was utterly unknown at the time whether indigenous peoples living in rainforests in relative isolation, who have limited technological knowledge and skills, would be able to utilize drone technology from in-situ workshops of this sort [44].…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grassroots Innovation Using Drones for Indigenous Mapping and Monitoring

Paneque-Gálvez

Vargas-Ramírez

Napoletano

et al. 2017

Land

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Indigenous territories are facing increasing pressures from numerous legal and illegal activities that are pushing commodity frontiers within their limits, frequently causing severe environmental degradation and threatening indigenous territorial rights and livelihoods. In Central and South America, after nearly three decades of participatory mapping projects, interest is mounting among indigenous peoples in the use of new technologies for community mapping and monitoring as a means of defense against such threats. Since 2014, several innovative projects have been developed and implemented in the region to demonstrate and train indigenous communities in the use of small drones for territorial mapping and monitoring. In this paper, we report on five projects carried out in Peru, Guyana, and Panama. For each one we describe the context, main objectives, positive outcomes, challenges faced, and opportunities ahead. Preliminary results are promising and have gained the interest of many indigenous societies who envision this technology as a powerful tool to protect their territories and strengthen their claims regarding specific environmental liabilities and justice issues. Based on the results presented here and a review of previous similar studies, we offer a critical discussion of some of the main opportunities and challenges that we foresee regarding the use of small drones for indigenous territorial mapping and monitoring. In addition, we elaborate on why a careful, well thought-out, and progressive adoption of drones by indigenous peoples may trigger grassroots innovations in ways conducive to greater environmental justice and sustainability.

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“…Therefore, studies related to the application of the taxonomy [13] on synthetic data are common, such as in [16][17][18]. However, to the knowledge of the authors, studies have not addressed the practical application of the taxonomy [13] to solve real-world problems [2,[31][32][33], because it remains a challenge for all research areas.Anomaly detection [13] and incongruence [15][16][17][18] are two powerful computational tools from pattern recognition (PR) [3,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]34,35] and computer vision (CV) [3,36]. PR is a scientific area of study dedicated to analyze patterns and regularities in data [3].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, we could use spectral analysis [61] (spectral index [62] or slope ratio [63]) to solve our problem directly. Our motivation has been to find a real application to the taxonomy [13] inspired by the real-world situations captured in images from remote sensing [2,[31][32][33].When analyzing an image for the first time, a machine could apply each of all known solutions already used in remote sensing (e.g. spectral analysis [61]), one at a time, until detecting a problem.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Incongruence-Based Anomaly Detection Strategy for Analyzing Water Pollution in Images from Remote Sensing

et al. 2019

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The potential applications of computational tools, such as anomaly detection and incongruence, for analyzing data attract much attention from the scientific research community. However, there remains a need for more studies to determine how anomaly detection and incongruence applied to analyze data of static images from remote sensing will assist in detecting water pollution. In this study, an incongruence-based anomaly detection strategy for analyzing water pollution in images from remote sensing is presented. Our strategy semi-automatically detects occurrences of one type of anomaly based on the divergence between two image classifications (contextual and non-contextual). The results indicate that our strategy accurately analyzes the majority of images. Incongruence as a strategy for detecting anomalies in real-application (non-synthetic) data found in images from remote sensing is relevant for recognizing crude oil close to open water bodies or water pollution caused by the presence of brown mud in large rivers. It can also assist surveillance systems by detecting environmental disasters or performing mappings. Kittler et al. in [13] proposed a taxonomy of anomalies which expanded the concept of anomaly beyond the conventional meaning of outlier. They used sensory data quality assessment [26], contextual [9] and non-contextual [27][28][29][30] classifiers [5,[15][16][17][18], and an incongruence indicator [16][17][18] to identify each type of anomaly [13]. According to this taxonomy [13] anomalies can be, for example, of the types unknown object, measurement model drift, unknown structure, unexpected structural component, component model drift, and unexpected structure and structural components. This taxonomy [13] is well-known and widely accepted by the scientific community because it has the potential to be applied for solving problems in many different research areas [13]. Therefore, studies related to the application of the taxonomy [13] on synthetic data are common, such as in [16][17][18]. However, to the knowledge of the authors, studies have not addressed the practical application of the taxonomy [13] to solve real-world problems [2,[31][32][33], because it remains a challenge for all research areas.Anomaly detection [13] and incongruence [15][16][17][18] are two powerful computational tools from pattern recognition (PR) [3,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]34,35] and computer vision (CV) [3,36]. PR is a scientific area of study dedicated to analyze patterns and regularities in data [3]. PR provides powerful tools [34] for many different applications and research areas [35] such as scientific research, private and public industries, military activities, etc., [14,[21][22][23][24]32,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]. For example, PR is important for geosciences as its tools are used to analyze geographical features of environments in digital images from remote sensing, i.e., scenes [11,12,[49][50][51][52][53][54]. Additionally, PR also provides powerful tools to help machine perception...

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Oil pollution in soils and sediments from the Northern Peruvian Amazon

Cited by 62 publications

References 44 publications

Energy development reveals blind spots for ecosystem conservation in the Amazon Basin

Energy development reveals blind spots for ecosystem conservation in the Amazon Basin

Grassroots Innovation Using Drones for Indigenous Mapping and Monitoring

An Incongruence-Based Anomaly Detection Strategy for Analyzing Water Pollution in Images from Remote Sensing

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