“…Pioneering studies that mostly establish a negative relationship between oil prices and real economic activity include Burbidge and Harrison, 1984 , Darby, 1982 , Davis and Haltiwanger, 2001 , Gisser and Goodwin, 1986 , Hamilton, 1983 , Hooker, 1996 , Hooker, 2002 , and Rasche and Tatom, 1977 , Rasche and Tatom, 1981 . More recent papers reiterate this adverse effect on the gross domestic product (GDP), consumer prices, and unemployment ( Katircioglu et al (2015) ) and find a detrimental effect of oil price volatility ( van Eyden et al (2019) ). Sotoudeh and Worthington (2017) document the influence on net oil-consuming countries and net oil-producing countries.…”