Oil sands process-affected water impairs the olfactory system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Lari, Ebrahim; Steinkey, Dylan; Razmara, Parastoo; Mohaddes, Effat; Pyle, Greg G.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.105

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These results stand in contrast to several recent studies that have found disruptions to olfactory physiology after exposure to crude oil or to OSPW, a byproduct from the surface mining of oil sands. 32,33 However, several of these studies delivered olfactory cues mixed into the same concentration of toxicant that was used in exposures, rather than testing toxicant-exposed fish in clean water as was done in the present study. Delivering olfactory cues mixed into toxicants is done to mimic exposure conditions but has the confounding effect of the possible interaction of the toxicant and the cue either in the exposure medium or when interacting with olfactory sensory neurons at the olfactory epithelium.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,31 Using the electro-olfactogram (EOG) technique, oil sands process affected water (OSPW), a mixture containing PAHs, has been shown to reduce olfactory function of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). 32 Additionally, Atlantic stingrays (Hypanus sabinus) exposed to a 10% WAF of crude oil for 48 h demonstrated a decreased amplitude and initial slope and an increased duration of the EOG response to amino acid cues prepared with a concentration of crude oil that matched exposure conditions. 33 Bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus) exposed to crude oil for 24 h (11.2 μg/L ∑ 50 PAH) have also been shown to have reduced detections of a conspecific alarm cue at the olfactory epithelium.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In order to rapidly detect chemical cues in the aquatic environment, the olfactory sensory neurons of marine organisms are directly exposed to the water and therefore, also directly exposed to any water-borne contaminants such as crude oil . In multiday exposures, crude oil has been shown to cause necroses, hyperplasia, and lesions in the olfactory epithelium of marine teleosts. , Using the electro-olfactogram (EOG) technique, oil sands process affected water (OSPW), a mixture containing PAHs, has been shown to reduce olfactory function of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) . Additionally, Atlantic stingrays ( Hypanus sabinus ) exposed to a 10% WAF of crude oil for 48 h demonstrated a decreased amplitude and initial slope and an increased duration of the EOG response to amino acid cues prepared with a concentration of crude oil that matched exposure conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure to Crude Oil from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impairs Oil Avoidance Behavior without Affecting Olfactory Physiology in Juvenile Mahi-Mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)

Schlenker

Welch

Mager

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The understanding of the detection threshold and behavioral response of fishes in response to crude oil is critical to predicting the effects of oil spills on wild fish populations. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill released approximately 4.9 million barrels of crude oil into the northern Gulf of Mexico in 2010, overlapping spatially and temporally with the habitat of many pelagic fish species. Yet, it is unknown whether highly migratory species, such as mahimahi (Coryphaena hippurus), might detect and avoid oil contaminated waters. We tested the ability of control and oilexposed juvenile mahi-mahi (15−45 mm) to avoid two dilutions of crude oil in a two-channel flume. Control fish avoided the higher concentration (27.1 μg/L Σ 50 PAH), while oilexposed (24 h, 18.0 μg/L Σ 50 PAH) conspecifics did not. Electro-olfactogram (EOG) data demonstrated that both control and oil-exposed (24 h, 14.5 μg/L Σ 50 PAH) juvenile mahi-mahi (27−85 mm) could detect crude oil as an olfactory cue and that oilexposure did not affect the EOG amplitude or duration in response to oil or other cues. These results show that a brief oil exposure impairs the ability of mahi-mahi to avoid oil and suggests that this alteration likely results from injury to higher order central nervous system processing rather than impaired olfactory physiology.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure to Crude Oil from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impairs Oil Avoidance Behavior without Affecting Olfactory Physiology in Juvenile Mahi-Mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)

Schlenker

Welch

Mager

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

“…It is also important to note that, despite our intentions to make the exposures similar, WAF exposures for fish used in our EOG experiments had a lower geometric mean of PAHs than those used in behavioral experiments (Tables S3 and S5), and this may have also contributed to the lack of significant differences in EOG amplitude and duration in our study. Rainbow trout exposed to OSPW at two concentrations and across three exposure periods showed increasing olfactory inhibition as both exposure time and concentration increased, 59 suggesting the possibility that either a longer exposure or an higher concentration of PAHs may be needed to see significant differences in EOG amplitude and duration.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damsels in Distress: Oil Exposure Modifies Behavior and Olfaction in Bicolor Damselfish (Stegastes partitus)

Schlenker

Welch

Meredith

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In fishes, olfactory cues evoke behavioral responses that are crucial to survival; however, the receptors, olfactory sensory neurons, are directly exposed to the environment and are susceptible to damage from aquatic contaminants. In 2010, 4.9 million barrels of crude oil were released into the northern Gulf of Mexico from the Deepwater Horizon disaster, exposing marine organisms to this environmental contaminant. We examined the ability of bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus), exposed to the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of crude oil, to respond to chemical alarm cue (CAC) using a two-channel flume. Control bicolor damselfish avoided CAC in the flume choice test, whereas WAF-exposed conspecifics did not. This lack of avoidance persisted following 8 days of control water conditions. We then examined the physiological response to CAC, brine shrimp rinse, bile salt, and amino acid cues using the electro-olfactogram (EOG) technique and found that WAF-exposed bicolor damselfish were less likely to detect CAC as an olfactory cue but showed no difference in EOG amplitude or duration compared to controls. These data indicate that a sublethal WAF exposure directly modifies detection and avoidance of CAC beyond the exposure period and may suggest reduced predator avoidance behavior in oil-exposed fish in the wild.

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“…Chemoreception is a primary sense for fish, which mediates mating, finding food, homing, social behaviors, and avoiding predators (Hamdani and Døving 2007;Tierney 2016). To detect chemical cues, chemosensory neurons are in direct contact with the surrounding environment, which makes them vulnerable to contaminants and consequently ideal targets for investigating the adverse impacts of environmental stressors on fish (Tierney et al 2010;Lari et al 2019). In addition, intact fish chemosensory function is necessary for detecting and perceiving potentially harmful substances and could be vital for their survival (Lari et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of the Olfactory System of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with Diltiazem

Lari

Burket

Steinkey

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Diltiazem is ubiquitously prescribed and has been reported in many effluents and freshwater bodies. Being a calcium channel blocker, diltiazem could disrupt the function of the sensory and central nervous systems. In the present study, using electro-olfactography (EOG), we investigated the interaction of diltiazem with the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of rainbow trout by looking into the detection threshold and effects of immediate (~5 min) and acute (24 h) exposure to diltiazem at 6.6, 66, and 660 µg/L. We also studied the accumulation of the drug in fish plasma and whole body. Brief exposure to diltiazem impaired the OSN response to a chemosensory stimulus in a concentration-dependent manner at 6.6 µg/L and higher, whereas OSNs exposed for 24 h only displayed an impairment at 660 µg/L. Chemical analysis showed that the accumulation of diltiazem in fish plasma and body correlated with the EOG response because it was 10 times higher in the group that displayed a significant impairment (660 µg/L) compared to the other 2 groups (6.6, 66 µg/L). This correlation suggests that the impact of diltiazem on OSNs might partially be through the accumulated molecules in the fish bloodstream. Fish did not detect diltiazem as a sensory stimulus even at concentrations as high as 660 µg/L; thus, fish could potentially swim toward or fail to escape harmful concentrations of diltiazem.

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Oil sands process-affected water impairs the olfactory system of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Exposure to Crude Oil from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impairs Oil Avoidance Behavior without Affecting Olfactory Physiology in Juvenile Mahi-Mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)

Exposure to Crude Oil from the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Impairs Oil Avoidance Behavior without Affecting Olfactory Physiology in Juvenile Mahi-Mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)

Damsels in Distress: Oil Exposure Modifies Behavior and Olfaction in Bicolor Damselfish (Stegastes partitus)

Interaction of the Olfactory System of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with Diltiazem

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