Oil shale potential of the lower cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Beipiao Basin, Northeast China

Zhang, Penglin; Meng, Qingtao; Misch, David; Sachsenhofer, Reinhard F.; Liu, Zhaojun; Hu, Fei; Shen, Lin

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2020.103640

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The low Ts/(Ts + Tm) ratios in the oil shale samples suggest a low evolution degree of OM (Table ), consistent with the low ratios of 22S/(22S + 22R) C 31 hopane (Table ). In addition, lamalginite displays yellow to orange fluorescence, also supporting an early maturity stage …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…As an important part of the primary productivity of lakes, the biomasses of algae and microbes affect the accumulation of OM. , The morphology of lamalginite transitions from dispersed to enriched with increasing TOC content in the YJOS (Figure a–c). Figure a indicates that the lamalginite contents and HI have a reasonable positive correlation in the YJOS ( R 2 = 0.47) and a negative correlation in the JTOS ( R 2 = 0.07).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past decades, oil shales have been widely investigated on account of their great potential for unconventional alternative energy, coupled with their abundant paleoenvironment and paleoclimate information. − It is generally believed that productivity and preservation conditions are the two important factors controlling OM accumulation. , However, considering the complex physical and chemical processes in the accumulation of OM, there are some disputes between the preservation and productivity mechanism. , In addition, some studies have shown that the effects of other factors on OM accumulation should not be ignored, such as paleoclimate, OM source, provenance, sedimentation rate, microbial decomposition, event deposition (volcanic activity, gravity flow, transgressive activity, hydrothermal activity), and terrigenous clastic input. , Many studies on OM accumulation show that the control of a single factor has difficulty perfectly explaining the accumulation of OM in sediments . The specific sedimentary environment should be considered for the mechanism of OM accumulation, which probably was jointly controlled by multiple factors …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Matter Accumulation in the Youganwo Formation (Middle Eocene), Maoming Basin, South China: Constraints from Multiple Geochemical Proxies and Organic Petrology

Meng

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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The lacustrine oil shales of the Youganwo Formation in the Maoming Basin, as an excellent continental sedimentary record of the middle Eocene, provide an interesting perspective for understanding the middle Eocene paleoclimate and organic matter (OM) accumulation in south China. Based on detailed organic petrology and geochemical analysis of the Jintang oil shales (JTOS) and the Yangjiao oil shales (YJOS), the paleoenvironment during the middle Eocene in South China was reconstructed, and control OM accumulation in the oil shales was revealed. These oil shales are characterized by high OM abundances (TOC: 8.2–21.4 wt %), kerogen types of I and II1, and are in the immature stage. The source OM was predominantly lacustrine endogenous OM (algae and bacteria). Element ratios (Sr/Cu, Fe/Mn, and Si/Al) indicate a warm paleoclimatic background during deposition of the Youganwo Formation, which is related to the Mid-Eocene Global Climatic Optimum. Representative indicators (Sr/Ba, 100*Mg/Al, Pr/Ph, DBT/P ratios; the covariant MoEF–UEF pattern) show that anoxic fresh water is dominant during the deposition of the Youganwo Formation. Sufficient nutrient supplies (P, Fe, Mn, Cu, etc.) were conducive to the flourishing of algae, which led to high lake bioproductivity. The relationships between the TOC content and paleoenvironmental indicators show that high bioproductivity and strong anoxic conditions are conducive to the formation of high abundance OM in the JTOS, whereas the dilution effect induced by the enhanced terrigenous detrital input reduced the OM accumulation in the YJOS. The comprehensive model of the paleoenvironment and OM accumulation further shows that under warm and humid climates, the dominant roles of bioproductivity and the important role of preservation conditions controlled OM accumulation in the oil shales in the Maoming Basin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Matter Accumulation in the Youganwo Formation (Middle Eocene), Maoming Basin, South China: Constraints from Multiple Geochemical Proxies and Organic Petrology

Meng

et al. 2022

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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“…This led to relatively high nutrient levels in the water body, which in turn boosted phytoplankton growth and maintained the lake in a eutrophic state, resulting in the production of large amounts of organic matter . Other Early Cretaceous basins in northeastern China share similar metallogenic characteristics as those identified in the Beipiao basin, such as the Laoheishanbasin , and the Jianchang basin . Hence, the stable and prolonged tectonic subsidence identified in these basins favored the deposition of oil shale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Beipiao Basin, NE China: Implications for Weathering, Provenance, and Tectonic Setting

Zhang

Meng

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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The mineralogy and geochemistry of oil shales from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation (K1jf3) in northeastern China were used to determine maturity, intensity of chemical weathering, recycling, provenance, and tectonic setting. The studied samples are characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements (REEs), flat heavy REEs patterns, and negative Eu anomalies, similar to felsic components of the upper continental crust (UCC). Geochemical data (major-element discriminant functions, Co/Th, La/Sc, La/Th, Hf, Cr/V, Y/Ni, Ni/TiO2, TiO2/Zr, and Al2O3/TiO2) further confirm that the source rocks of oil shales were mainly felsic igneous rocks; in particular, they have a strong genetic relationship with the igneous rocks from the Yan-liao Belt. Results for clay minerals (I/S, Illite, and kaolinite), Th/U ratio, chemical index of alteration, chemical proxy of alteration, plagioclase index of alteration, Mg/Ca, and the marked depletion in Sr,V, Ni, and Ba relative to UCC together suggest intense chemical weathering under a semihumid to humid/warm climate in the source region of high quality oil shale. Values of Th/Sc, Zr/Sc, and the index of compositional variability indicate that the oil shales source region was a recycled orogen with progressive recycling. In addition, during the deposition of high quality oil shales, tectonic activity was weak and sedimentary recycling was highly developed. A variety of geochemical parameters, when plotted on tectonic setting discrimination diagrams, identify with a high probability that the K1jf3 oil shale was derived from a collision system with the characteristics of active continental margin. Provenance of the K1jf3oil shale is enriched in P, Cu, and Cd, which became sources of nutrition for the phytoplankton growing in the ancient Lake. The resulting high lake productivity, combined with the intense chemical weathering, strong sedimentary recycling, stable tectonic setting, and sedimentary regime of undercompensation, contributed to the widespread deposition of thick high quality oil shale in the Beipiao basin.

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“…In recent years, shale oil has become an ideal supplementary source of conventional crude oil around the world [5][6][7][8]. Many oil shale plays have been discovered in China, such as the Fushun Basin in Liaoning Province, the Maoming Basin in Guangdong Province, the Huadian Basin in Jilin Province, and the Songliao Basin in Heilongjiang Province [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Different Quality Oil Shales Developed in the Middle Jurassic Shimengou Formation, Yuqia Area, Northern Qaidam Basin, China

et al. 2022

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Oil shales are developed in the Shale Member of the Middle Jurassic Shimengou Formation in the Qaidam Basin, China. The oil shales can be classified into three quality groups (low-, medium-, and high-quality oil shales) through a comprehensive analysis protocol that includes Rock-Eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC) content, proximate analysis, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), major and trace element analyses, and maceral analysis. The low-quality oil shales mainly contain type II1 kerogen, the medium-quality oil shales mainly contain type I-II1 kerogen, and the high-quality oil shales mainly contain type I kerogen. All are immature to early thermally mature. The oil yield of the oil shales is directly related to their quality and are positively correlated with TOC content and calorific value. All studied samples were deposited under anaerobic conditions but in different paleoenvironments. The low-quality oil shales were mainly deposited in fresh-water environments, whereas the high-quality oil shales were usually developed in highly saline and reducing environments. Salinity stratification and evidence of algal blooms that are conducive to organic matter enrichment were identified in both medium- and high-quality oil shales, the latter having the highest paleoproductivity and the best preservation conditions. In summary, shale quality is controlled by a combination of factors, including algal abundance, preservation conditions, the existence of algal blooms and salinity stratification, and paleoproductivity. This study reveals how these different factors affect the quality of oil shales, which might provide an in-depth explanation for the formation process of lacustrine oil shales.

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Oil shale potential of the lower cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Beipiao Basin, Northeast China

Cited by 19 publications

References 69 publications

Organic Matter Accumulation in the Youganwo Formation (Middle Eocene), Maoming Basin, South China: Constraints from Multiple Geochemical Proxies and Organic Petrology

Organic Matter Accumulation in the Youganwo Formation (Middle Eocene), Maoming Basin, South China: Constraints from Multiple Geochemical Proxies and Organic Petrology

Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Beipiao Basin, NE China: Implications for Weathering, Provenance, and Tectonic Setting

A Comparative Study of Different Quality Oil Shales Developed in the Middle Jurassic Shimengou Formation, Yuqia Area, Northern Qaidam Basin, China

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