Oil Yield of Sunflower Cultivated With Different Water Depths and Nitrogen Doses

Abstract

Sunflower is adapted to different soil and climate conditions, but its water and nitrogen requirements are not well defined. This study was carried out in Apodi, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, to evaluate the oil yield of sunflower in response to irrigation depth and nitrogen dose. A randomized block experimental design was used with a factorial scheme with four replications. The factors tested were irrigation depths corresponding to 58, 80, 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration (water-use efficiency variable), and nitrogen doses corresponding to 40, 100, 200 and 370% of the standard dose. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F-test, followed by the Tukey test of means and regression analysis. The increase in the water depth until 100% ETc and in the nitrogen dose until 260 kg ha-1 promoted increase in the values of all variables, but at higher nitrogen doses the variables decreased. The response surfaces showed stronger response to nitrogen dose for the water depths around 100% ETc and for the lower nitrogen doses, and greater water use efficiency for the production of oil for the water depths around 100% ETc, independently of nitrogen dose.

Drought‐stress induced changes of fatty acid composition affecting sunflower grain yield and oil quality

“…In 2019, higher temperature in monthly average could negatively affect seed weight by shortening the grain filling stage, explaining higher grain numbers/head. Regarding the reduction of grain numbers in 2020 as the main determinant of sunflower yield (Ghaffari et al, 2019 ; Miller & Fick, 1997 ), increased yield in 2020 indicated that sunflower could compensate for grain yield by increasing of grains weight. Changes in climatological parameters as higher humidity in 2020 could be a cause for reduction of grain yield in this study that is in accordance with the reports of De la Vega et al ( 2001 ).…”

“…Regarding the reduction of grain numbers in 2020 as the main determinant of sunflower yield (Ghaffari et al, 2019;Miller & Fick, 1997), increased yield in 2020 indicated that sunflower could compensate for grain yield by increasing of grains weight. Changes in climatological parameters as higher humidity in 2020 could be a cause for…”

“…Sunflower, the first confectionary type, was introduced to Iran, coincided with World War I. Cultivation of oil‐type sunflower has been started in 1965 and increased to more than 100,000 ha in the early 1990s (Ghaffari et al, 2020 ). Sunflower breeding in Iran has been implemented since 1969 with remarkable achievements in producing sunflower single cross hybrids (Ghaffari et al, 2019 ). Although sunflower is moderately tolerant to drought stress, its productivity is affected by drought stress considerably (Chimenti et al, 2002 ).…”

Genotype by yield* trait (GYT) biplot analysis: A novel approach for phenotyping sunflower single cross hybrids based on multiple traits

“…Cultivation of oil‐type sunflower in Iran has been started since 1965 and increased to more than 100,000 ha in early 90s (Ghaffari et al, 2020 ). Sunflower breeding in Iran has been implemented since 1969 and had remarkable achievements in the improvement of sunflower hybrids (Ghaffari et al, 2019 ). The identification of superior genotypes is very important in the improvement of sunflower.…”

Stability and G×E interaction study in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for diverse environments

“…After oil palm, soybean, and rapeseed, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is the world's fourth most produced edible oilseed crop (Ghaffari et al, 2019). Its seeds have a high oil content ranging from 38% to 42%, and the two most significant fatty acids in sunflower oil, linoleic acid (55-60%) and oleic acid (25-30%), are both found in high concentrations in the oil (Manalili et al, 2021 andNagrale et al, 2022).These polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to lower blood cholesterol levels and hence lower the risk of coronary heart disease (Vijayakumar et al, 2016).…”