Okara, a soybean by-product, prevents high fat diet-induced obesity and improves serum lipid profiles in C57BL/6J mice

Kim, Hyunsuk; Ohkura, Yu; Byun, Moon-Sun; Cha, Youn‐Soo

doi:10.1007/s10068-016-0085-8

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…and PPARα genes in the liver. Recent study also showed that the SR supplementation increases the expression of PPARα and decreases the fat accumulation in mice liver (Kim et al, 2016). Studies have demonstrated that soy protein rich in isoflavones can reduce hepatic lipogenesis (Torres, Torre-Villalvazo, & Tovar, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Partial substitution of soybean meal with fermented soybean residue in diets for juvenile largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides

et al. 2018

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A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of partial replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with fermented soybean residue (FSR) on growth performance, body composition and plasma biochemical parameters of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Soybean residue was fermented with a mixture of microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus spp. and Molasses yeast) using the solid‐state fermentation. Four isonitrogenous (crude protein 430 g/kg) and isoenergetic (gross energy 18 MJ/kg) diets were formulated by replacing 0 (the control), 20, 40 and 60g/kg of protein from SBM with FSR (FSR0, FSR20, FSR40 and FSR60, respectively). Each diet was fed to four replicate groups of fish (initial body weight: 17.1 ± 0.19 g) for 12 weeks. Results showed that dietary FSR substitution significantly improved growth of juvenile largemouth bass. The weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio were all significantly improved by dietary FSR level up to 40g/kg substitution level (p < .05) and then levelled off beyond this level. Fish fed the diet with 40g/kg and 60g/kg protein from FSR had lower feed conversion ratio than the control group (p < .05). The hepatosomatic index, viscera ratio and liver lipid content significantly decreased with increasing dietary FSR level. Total protein content, superoxide dismutase and alkaline phosphates activities in plasma were lower in fish fed the control diet (p < .05) than the other groups. However, both alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase were higher in fish fed the control diet (p < .05) compared to the other treatments. The plasma catalase activity significantly increased with increasing dietary FSR level, while plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, glucose and malondialdehyde contents significantly reduced. No significant difference was observed in the glutathione peroxidase activity among dietary treatments. These findings demonstrated that replacing dietary SBM with FSR has beneficial effects on growth of M. salmoides, and the best growth performance was obtained at 40g/kg replacement for SBM protein. In addition, there is a great potential to apply FSR to improve lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of M. salmoides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Partial substitution of soybean meal with fermented soybean residue in diets for juvenile largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides

et al. 2018

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“…Again, postprandial serum vitamin A levels were not affected by the supplementation of 5-10% of microcrystalline cellulose [84]. Kim, et al [85] observed that the supplementation of 8 g of hydrophilic mucilloid extracts did not affect the vitamin A and carotene synthesis in both plasma and feces even after long-time feeding. It was stated that vitamin D forms a bond with the fiber bile acid complex, and is transported out of the gut unabsorbed [86].…”

Section: Bioavailability Of Fat-soluble Vitaminsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Does Dietary Fiber Affect the Levels of Nutritional Components after Feed Formulation?

Adams

Sello

Qin

et al. 2018

Fibers

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Studies on dietary fiber and nutrient bioavailability have gained an increasing interest in both human and animal nutrition. Questions are increasingly being asked regarding the faith of nutrient components such as proteins, minerals, vitamins, and lipids after feed formulation. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence with the perspective of fiber usage in feed formulation. The consumption of dietary fiber may affect the absorption of nutrients in different ways. The physicochemical factors of dietary fiber, such as fermentation, bulking ability, binding ability, viscosity and gel formation, water-holding capacity and solubility affect nutrient absorption. The dietary fiber intake influences the different methods in which nutrients are absorbed. The increase in the total fiber content of the diet may delay the glycemic response. Soluble fiber decreased blood glucose content whereas purified insoluble fiber has a little or no effect on the blood glucose levels after a meal. Dietary fiber and prebiotics influence the host animal well-being by regulating blood glucose or insulin levels, stool bulking effects, increasing the acidity of the gut, constructive synthesis of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), decreasing intestinal transit time, stimulating the growth of intestinal microbes, and increasing blood parameters. Previous studies suggest that fiber affects the bioavailability of nutrients, and maintains the host wellness.

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“…However, the hypolipidemic effects of okara and soybean bran were less immediate and intensive than that of metformin-treated mice. Okara supplementation increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of genes related to hepatic β-oxidation resulting in lower serum TC, TG, and LDL in mice [Kim et al, 2016]. Thus okara might regulate lipid metabolism by increasing the fat excretion and decreasing serum lipids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of High Fibers Okara and Soybean Bran as Functional Supplements for Mice with Experimentally Induced Type 2 Diabetes

Ismaiel

Yang

Cui

2017

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the anti-diabetic effi cacy of feeding diets supplemented with okara and soybean bran to ICR mice with experimentally-induced type 2 diabetes. While okara and soybean bran are from the same source, there is no performed research comparing the effects of these soybean byproducts on glycemic status. Normal and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic ICR mice were assigned either to a normal diet in the normal control group, a high fat diet only in the diabetic control group, a high fat diet supplemented with 15% okara in the okara group, a high fat diet supplemented with 15% soybean bran in the soybean bran group or a high-fat diet supplemented with 0.1% metformin in the metformin group for 8 weeks. The biochemical parameters, the organs relative weights and liver histological structure of mice were determined. Okara was signifi cantly effective in controlling hyperglycemia and improving glucose tolerance. Moreover, the antihyperglycemic effect of okara was broadly comparable with the actions of metformin. Feeding okara and soybean bran caused hypolipidemic effects. In addition, they had a strong cytoprotective effect on hepatocytes. Soybean bran seemed more effi cient than okara in alleviating hepatic cell histological changes. Results demonstrated the potential benefi t of okara and soybean bran in glycemic control and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes complications.

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Okara, a soybean by-product, prevents high fat diet-induced obesity and improves serum lipid profiles in C57BL/6J mice

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Partial substitution of soybean meal with fermented soybean residue in diets for juvenile largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides

Partial substitution of soybean meal with fermented soybean residue in diets for juvenile largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides

Does Dietary Fiber Affect the Levels of Nutritional Components after Feed Formulation?

Evaluation of High Fibers Okara and Soybean Bran as Functional Supplements for Mice with Experimentally Induced Type 2 Diabetes

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