Ökotoxikologische Sedimentbewertung großer Fließgewässer mit Nematoden und Gastropoden - vom Biotest zum Freiland

Duft, Martin; Oehlmann, Jörg

doi:10.1002/9783527678488.hbal2005010

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Significant effects served as threshold between status classes 2 (good) and 3 (moderate), from which on action is required. The remaining status classes were derived on the basis of Duft and Oehlmann [6] and the class boundaries were adapted to the field data set. This resulted in the following classification into ecotoxicological status classes for mudsnails and gammarids ( Table 4, for further details see Additional file 1).…”

Section: Deriving Ecotoxicological Status Classes For In Vivo Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five class boundaries were derived for the assignment of the YES results to ecotoxicological status classes (for more details see Additional file 1). No EQS values or proposals are available for the other in vitro assays, thus the classification systems were derived using the iterative method according to Erhardt et al [49] and class boundaries referring to Duft and Oehlmann [6] (for more details see Additional file 1). Following the establishment of the classification systems, each sampling site and each combined water/sediment sample was assigned to a status class based on the annual mean activity in the respective in vitro assay.…”

Section: Deriving Ecotoxicological Status Classes For In Vitro Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereby, the EU-WFD defines five ecological status classes, which indicate the degree of anthropogenically induced disturbance of the respective ecosystem [3,4]. Duft and Oehlmann [6] adapted this concept with five status classes to assess the effects of chemical contamination in in vivo tests with river sediments ( Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Status class 2 represents the protection target for river water and river sediment and from class 3 on, which is characterized by significant changes compared to the reference state, action is required. This also applies to ecotoxicological status classes 4 and 5, for which population damage is to be expected in long terms [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be able to prioritize measures, decision criteria for the water management practice are necessary, which enable the prognosis, whether chemicals in the water or sediment and their resulting effects or other factors, such as deficits in the structure of the water bodies, are the main cause for the failure to meet the objective of a good ecological status according to EU-WFD at a given water body. As a consequence, the aim of the present study was (1) to provide evidence and guideline to assess if chemical contamination is a relevant stress factor for the aquatic biodiversity that contributes Table 1 Definition of ecotoxicological status classes according to Duft and Oehlmann [6] to the failure to meet the objectives of the EU-WFD [3] and (2) to develop an ecotoxicological, Water Framework Directive-compliant assessment system as decision criterion for the water management practice. To measure and assess the current ecotoxicological conditions of the rivers in the catchment of the Nidda, active biomonitoring campaigns and laboratory experiments with gammarids and snails, as well as in vitro assays with water and sediment samples were conducted quarterly over the course of 1 year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of chemically induced ecotoxicological effects in rivers of the Nidda catchment (Hessen, Germany) and development of an ecotoxicological, Water Framework Directive–compliant assessment system

et al. 2019

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Background: Approximately 90% of German surface waters do not meet the objectives of the European Water Framework Directive (EU-WFD). This is primarily due to deficits in water body structure and biological quality components, which in turn are negatively affected by chemical pollution. In this context, hydromorphological restoration measures have often been conducted to improve habitat and species diversity and, therefore, the ecological status of water bodies. However, habitat improvement is not necessarily accompanied by biota enhancement and thus by the improvement of the ecological status of rivers. To prioritize water management measures, decision criteria for the water management practice are necessary, which enable the prognosis, whether chemical pollution and its resulting effects or other factors, such as structural deficits of the water bodies, are the main cause for the failure to meet the objective of a good ecological status. Results:To address this need, we applied the freshwater mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum and the amphipod Gammarus fossarum in active monitoring campaigns and in laboratory experiments with combined water/sediment samples and analyzed water and sediment samples with in vitro assays quarterly over the course of 1 year to provide evidence and guideline to assess if chemical contamination is a relevant stress factor for the aquatic biodiversity in rivers of the Nidda catchment (Hessen, Germany). On the basis of these results, an ecotoxicological, WFD-compliant assessment system was developed which, in comparison with the ecological status classes of the EU-WFD, permits the identification of the probable causes for the failure to meet the objectives of the EU-WFD. From these findings, recommendations for action were derived for the implementation of priority measures in water management practice. For the rivers Nidda, Usa, and Horloff, we identified a need for action to improve water and sediment quality at all investigated sampling sites except for the reference sites in the headwaters. The ecotoxicological assessment system also highlighted that hydromorphological restoration measures on their own will not lead to a good ecological status of rivers, as long as water and sediment quality are deficient. Conclusion:Hydromorphological restoration measures should be performed in conjunction with measures to reduce chemical contamination to achieve a good ecological status of the rivers Nidda, Usa, and Horloff. which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. 1 High Effects/values are as low as expected in the absence of disturbing influences or anthropogenic changes 2 Good Effects/values show minor anthropogenic changes, but deviate only slightly from the values that normally occur in the absence of disturbing influences 3 Moderate Effects/values indicate moderate anthropogenically induced change...

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Section: Deriving Ecotoxicological Status Classes For In Vivo Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deriving Ecotoxicological Status Classes For In Vitro Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of chemically induced ecotoxicological effects in rivers of the Nidda catchment (Hessen, Germany) and development of an ecotoxicological, Water Framework Directive–compliant assessment system

et al. 2019

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Another Example of Effects of Pharmaceuticals on Aquatic Invertebrates: Fluoxetine and Ciprofloxacin

Nentwig

Pharmaceuticals in the Environment

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Ecotoxicological characterization of micropollutants and wastewater samples from conventional biological and advanced wastewater treatment

Abbas¹

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Clean water is fundamental to human health and ecosystem integrity. However, water quality deteriorates due to novel anthropogenic pollutants present at microgram per liter concentrations in urban water cycles (termed micropollutants). Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) have been identified as major point sources for aquatic (micro-)pollutants. Chemical and ecotoxicological analyses have shown that conventional biological WWTPs do not fully remove micropollutants and associated toxicities, which is often because of mobile, polar and/or recalcitrant compounds and transformation products (TPs). To minimize possible environmental risks, advanced wastewater treatment (AWWT) technologies could be a promising mitigation measure. Multiple processes are therefore being developed and evaluated such as ozonation and ozonation followed by granulated activated carbon (GAC) or biological filtration. Assessing the performance of these combined AWWTs was the focus the TransRisk project. Within this project, this thesis accomplished four major goals. Firstly, the preparation of (waste)water samples was optimised for in vitro bioassays. Acidification, filtration and solid phase extraction (SPE) were tested for their impact on environmentally relevant in vitro endocrine activities, mutagenicity, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. Significantly different outcomes of these assays were detected comparing neutral and acidified samples. Sample filtration had a lesser impact, but in some cases retention of particle-bound compounds could have caused significant toxicity losses. Out of three SPE sorbents the Telos C18/ENV at sample pH 2.5 extracted highest toxicity, some undetected in aqueous samples. These results indicate that sample preparation needs to be optimised for specific sample matrices and bioassays to avoid false-positive or -negative detects in effect-based analyses. Secondly, the above listed in vitro toxicities were monitored in a protected region for drinking water production in South-West Germany (2012-2015). Out of 30 sampling sites surface water and groundwater were the least polluted. Nonetheless, a few groundwater samples induced high anti-estrogenic activity that prompted further monitoring. The latter included a waterworks in which no toxicity was detected. Hospital wastewater also had elevated in vitro toxicities and hospitals are, thus, relevant intervention points for source control. The biological WWTPs were effective in removing most of the detected toxicity, and the selected bioassays proved to be pertinent tools for water quality assessment and prioritisation of pollution hotspots. Thirdly, the in vivo bioassay ISO10872 based on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) was adapted for this thesis. Using this model, a median effect concentration (EC50) for reproductive toxicity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon β-naphthoflavone (β- NF) of 114 µg/L was computed which is slightly lower than reported in the scientific literature. β-NF induced cyp-35A3::GFP (a biomarker in transgenic animals) in a time and concentration dependent manner (≤ 21.3–24 fold above controls). β-NF spiked wastewater samples supported earlier hypotheses on particle-bound pollutants. Reproductive toxicity (96 h) and cyp-35A3 induction (24 h) of biologically treated and/or ozonated wastewater extracts and growth promoting effects of GAC/biologically filtered ozonated wastewater extracts were observed. This suggested the presence of residual bioactive/toxic chemicals not included in the targeted chemical analysis. It also highlighted the importance of integrating multiple (apical and molecular) endpoints in wastewater assessments. Fourthly, five in vitro and the adapted C. elegans bioassay were integrated into a wastewater quality evaluation (developed within TransRisk). Out of the five AWWT options, ozonation (at 1 g O3,applied/g DOC, HRT ~ 18 min) combined with nonaerated GAC filtration was rated most effective for toxicity removal. All five AWWTs largely removed estrogenic and (anti-)androgenic activities, but not anti-estrogenic activity and mutagenicity, which even increased during ozonation. This has been observed in related studies and points towards toxic TPs. These results also emphasized the need for implementing an effective post-treatment for ozonation. The results from a parallel in vivo study with Lumbriculus variegatus and Potamopyrgus antipodarum conducted on site at the WWTP (using flow through systems) were in accordance with the C. elegans results. In this context, it is suggested to further implement C. elegans as sensitive, feasible and ecologically relevant model. In conclusion, this thesis shows how optimised sample preparation, long-term (in vitro) environmental monitoring, sensitive and ecologically relevant (in vivo) bioassays as well as innovative evaluation concepts, are pivotal in improving the removal of micropollutants and their toxicities with AWWTs. Future research should further develop and evaluate measures at sewer systems, conventional biological, tertiary and other advanced treatment technologies, as well as sociopolitical strategies (e.g., source control or natural conservation) and restoration projects. The effect-based tools optimised in this thesis will support assessing their success.

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Ökotoxikologische Sedimentbewertung großer Fließgewässer mit Nematoden und Gastropoden - vom Biotest zum Freiland

Cited by 3 publications

References 86 publications

Detection of chemically induced ecotoxicological effects in rivers of the Nidda catchment (Hessen, Germany) and development of an ecotoxicological, Water Framework Directive–compliant assessment system

Detection of chemically induced ecotoxicological effects in rivers of the Nidda catchment (Hessen, Germany) and development of an ecotoxicological, Water Framework Directive–compliant assessment system

Another Example of Effects of Pharmaceuticals on Aquatic Invertebrates: Fluoxetine and Ciprofloxacin

Ecotoxicological characterization of micropollutants and wastewater samples from conventional biological and advanced wastewater treatment

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