Old Kinord, Aberdeenshire

Romankiewicz, Tanja; Bradley, Richard; Clarke, Alan; Quartermaine, Jamie; Ross, Irvine; Ross, Veronica

doi:10.9750/psas.149.1293

PSAS

2020

DOI: 10.9750/psas.149.1293

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Old Kinord, Aberdeenshire

Tanja Romankiewicz

Richard Bradley²,

Alan Clarke³

et al.

Abstract: The paper reports on research at two well-preserved Iron Age settlement sites in north-east Scotland, occupied between the 2nd century BC and 2nd century AD. At Old Kinord, trenches first excavated in 1903 were reopened, shedding new light on the chronology and structural history of a pair of stone roundhouses and two souterrains. The project extended to new surveys of this site and its neighbour at New Kinord. It investigated the character of the unusually large stone structures found there and the ways in wh… Show more

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Building with turf at Roman Vindolanda: multi-scalar analysis of earthen materials, construction techniques, and landscape context

Russell¹,

Romankiewicz

Gardner

et al. 2021

Archaeological Journal

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Turf was widely used as a building material in the Roman period, especially in military architecture. Despite this, few studies have investigated properties of turf in construction, and fewer still have applied micromorphology to ancient turf walls. This study details the methods and results from a combined macro-and micro-scale analysis, using samples from the well-preserved ramparts at Vindolanda, a fort associated with Hadrian's Wall. Our work not only proposes a refined methodology for the wider geoarchaeological study of turf walls, but also provides new, deeper insight into the properties of turf as a building material.

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Building with turf at Roman Vindolanda: multi-scalar analysis of earthen materials, construction techniques, and landscape context

Russell¹,

Romankiewicz

Gardner

et al. 2021

Archaeological Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Building Blocks of Circular Economies: Rethinking Prehistoric Turf Architecture Through Archaeological and Architectural Analysis

Romankiewicz

2023

Open Archaeology

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Research into prehistoric buildings in northwest Europe has identified the ubiquitous use of turf. The study first introduces direct and proxy evidence for the material’s detection in the field, then analyses individual case studies to demonstrate how this locally available and renewable material shaped buildings and building practices. Turf, grown and sourced on or near a site, ties buildings to their landscape, while creating flexible shells that can shift as needed, metamorphosing built space and volume accordingly. Turf’s capacity to then compost and regrow embeds its buildings into a prehistoric circular economy that interweaves dwellings, people, animals, plants, soils, and nutrients into a holistic understanding of a “curated” rather than a “built” environment – an architecture borrowed from the soil to which it can return. The characteristics of turf blocks as a malleable and arguably metamorphosing building material call for a rethink of turf architecture, not resulting in static products but in ongoing circular processes. This new concept operates within an extended lifecycle of houses, not as in traditional approaches from birth (built) to death (abandoned), but within a cyclical, cradle-to-cradle approach. An experimental training project now translates this prehistoric cyclical model into modern sustainable turf building practice to demonstrate its potential for positive climate action today.

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Old Kinord, Aberdeenshire

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Building with turf at Roman Vindolanda: multi-scalar analysis of earthen materials, construction techniques, and landscape context

Building with turf at Roman Vindolanda: multi-scalar analysis of earthen materials, construction techniques, and landscape context

The Building Blocks of Circular Economies: Rethinking Prehistoric Turf Architecture Through Archaeological and Architectural Analysis

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