Old or Frail: What Tells Us More?

Schuurmans, Hanneke; Steverink, Nardi; Lindenberg, Siegwart; Frieswijk, Nynke; Slaets, Joris P. J.

doi:10.1093/gerona/59.9.m962

Cited by 426 publications

(325 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Frailty was measured in both studies with the Groningen Frailty Indicator [15,36], a short, easy to administer 15-item screening instrument to determine level of frailty (KR-20=.76/.71). The scores range from 0 (not frail) to 15 (severely frail).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronological age can be considered as a proxy for all kinds of losses and deficits which occur in aging. These losses, in turn, are related to a decline in SMA [see, e.g., 7,[15][16][17][18][19]. SMA and frailty were also expected to be negatively related.…”

Section: Overview Of the Research And Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SMA and frailty were also expected to be negatively related. Frailty means loss of direct resources in several domains of functioning [15], and these losses are also related to a decline in SMA [see, e.g., 7,[16][17][18]20]. Third, greater SMA was expected to be related to better perceived health.…”

Section: Overview Of the Research And Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to Measure Self-management Abilities in Older People by Self-report. The Development of the SMAS-30

et al. 2005

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This paper presents the results of two studies carried out in order to design and test a self-report instrument to measure Self-Management Ability (the SMAS-30) in aging individuals. SMA refers to the core behavioral and cognitive abilities which presumably contribute to sustainable well-being in later life. Robust findings of the studies (n=275 and n=1338) showed that SMA could be measured reliably as a composite concept of abilities systematically linked to dimensions of well-being in adults aged 65 and over, with the different sub-scales revealing a profile of inter-related abilities. A sub-sample of participants in Study 2 (n=86) showed that the SMAS-30 had high reproducibility over a period of 16 weeks. The validity of the SMAS-30 was supported by meaningful associations with other constructs in both studies. As expected, the older and frailer the people, and the poorer their perceived health, the lower their SMA. Moreover, SMA was positively related to several dimensions of subjective well-being and the related concepts of general selfefficacy and mastery.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of the Research And Expectationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to Measure Self-management Abilities in Older People by Self-report. The Development of the SMAS-30

et al. 2005

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“…They found that only five instruments included items on all three of these frailty domains: the Frailty Index (FI) or accumulated deficits model [25], Groningen Frailty Indicator (GFI) [57], Clinical Global Impression of Change in Physical Frailty (CGIC-PF) [58], Geriatric Functional Evaluation (GFE) [59], and the Geriatric Functional Evaluation Frailty Index -Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (FI-CGA) [60]. In addition, the majority of the instruments utilized a dichotomous scoring system (i.e.…”

Section: How Is Frailty Identified or Diagnosed?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculoskeletal health, frailty and functional decline

Milte

Crotty

2014

Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology

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Frailty in older people is associated with a vulnerability to adverse events. While ageing is associated with a loss of physiological reserves identifying those with the syndrome of frailty has the potential to assist clinicians tailor treatments to those at risk of future decline into disability with increased risk of complications, morbidity and mortality. Sarcopenia is a key component of the frailty syndrome and on its own puts older people at risk of fragility fractures however the clinical syndrome of frailty affects musculoskeletal and non musculoskeletal systems. Hip fractures are becoming a prototype condition in the study of frailty. Following a hip fracture many of the interventions are focused on limiting mobility disability and restoring independence with activities of daily living but there are multiple factors to be addressed including osteoporosis, sarcopenia, delirium, weight loss. Established techniques of geriatric evaluation and management allow systematic assessment and intervention on multiple components by multidisciplinary teams and deliver the best outcomes. Using the concept of frailty to identify older people with musculoskeletal problems as at risk of a poor outcome assists in treatment planning and is likely to become more important as effective pharmacological treatments for sarcopenia emerge. This review will focus on the concept of frailty and its relationship with functional decline, as well as describing its causes, prevalence, risk factors and potential clinical applications and treatment strategies. Key wordsFragility fracture, frailty, functional decline, screening, older adult, exercise therapy, dietary therapy Word count 9,401 words (word limit=9,400)

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“…38 Examples of self-reported questionnaires assessing frailty are: the FRAIL scale, 39 the Groningen Frailty Indicator 40 and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) 41 .…”

Section: Frailty Definitions and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and Frailty Syndrome in Old Age: Current Perspectives

Uchmanowicz

Chudiak

Jankowska‐Polańska

et al. 2017

Cardiac Failure Review

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Hypertension is considered the most common disorder in the general population. It is both a health and a financial problem worldwide.The Writing Group of the American Society of Hypertension defines hypertension as a cardiovascular syndrome resulting from a number of interconnected factors. 1 Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation is required, involving both the cardiovascular system and other risk factors. In the global population, the prevalence of hypertension is 26.4 %, which is expected to increase to one-third of the population by 2025. 2 The elderly comprise a special group of hypertensive patients because of ageing-related processes. In accordance with data from the Framingham study, 58.9 % of people aged ≥65 and 70 % of those aged ≥80 years are hypertensive. 3 Most patients in the group have isolated systolic hypertension, with normal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) valuesbelow 90 mmHg. In the elderly population, systolic blood pressure (SBP) is a more significant risk factor for cardiovascular complications than DBP. Chronic high SBP leads to left ventricular hypertrophy, as decreased elasticity of large blood vessels -particularly the aortaputs extra strain on the heart. 4 The ageing process involves a number of changes contributing to the development of hypertension. Besides decreased blood vessel elasticity, these include increased collagen content in the extracellular matrix, decreased numbers of elastic fibres, increased vessel wall thickness, and decreased vessel lumen.In the elderly, the lower number of elastic fibres in the vessel wall contributes to increased SBP. AbstractHypertension is both a health problem and a financial one globally. It affects nearly 30 % of the general population. Elderly people, aged ≥65 years, are a special group of hypertensive patients. In this group, the overall prevalence of the disease reaches 60 %, rising to 70 % in those aged ≥80 years. In the elderly population, isolated systolic hypertension is quite common. High systolic blood pressure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, cognitive impairment and kidney disease. Considering the physiological changes resulting from ageing alongside multiple comorbidities, treatment of hypertension in elderly patients poses a significant challenge to treatment teams. Progressive disability with regard to the activities of daily life, more frequent hospitalisations and low quality of life are often seen in elderly patients. There is discussion in the literature regarding frailty syndrome associated with old age. Frailty is understood to involve decreased resistance to stressors, depleted adaptive and physiological reserves of a number of organs, endocrine dysregulation and immune dysfunction. The primary dilemma concerning frailty is whether it should only be defined on the basis of physical factors, or whether psychological and social factors should also be included. Proper nutrition and motor rehabilitation should be prioritised in care for frail pa...

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Old or Frail: What Tells Us More?

Abstract: Using frailty as the criterion to select older persons at risk for interventions may be better than selecting persons based only on their chronological age.

Cited by 426 publications

References 12 publications

How to Measure Self-management Abilities in Older People by Self-report. The Development of the SMAS-30

How to Measure Self-management Abilities in Older People by Self-report. The Development of the SMAS-30

Musculoskeletal health, frailty and functional decline

Hypertension and Frailty Syndrome in Old Age: Current Perspectives

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