Old plants newly discovered: Cassia sieberiana D.C. and Cassia abbreviata Oliv. Oliv. root extracts inhibit in vitro HIV-1c replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by different modes of action

Leteane, Melvin; Ngwenya, Barbara Ntombi; Muzila, Mbaki; Namushe, Amos; Mwinga, John; Musonda, Rosemary; Moyo, Sikhulile; Mengestu, Yehualashete B.; Abegaz, Berhanu; Andrae‐Marobela, Kerstin

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.044

Cited by 39 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…To date, only HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition by extracts of other Vitex species has been reported (Woradulayapinij et al, 2005), while C. siberiana root extracts appear to target viral entry (Leteane et al, 2012). These results thus suggest that the active ingredients in C. siberiana root, V. doniana root, and C. megalobotrys bark extracts likely act on HIV-1 via mechanisms that are distinct from these licensed ARVs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 91%

“…), previously communicated that C. sieberiana is prescribed to both treatment-naïve HIV/AIDS patients and patients taking ARVs (Figure 2A). We then found that both C. sieberiana root and bark extracts inhibited HIV-1 replication in vitro, with 50% effective concentrations (EC 50 s) of 65.1 and 85.3 µg/mL, respectively (Leteane et al, 2012). Following these studies, the healer communicated that C. sieberiana is only the first therapeutic application of a three step traditional anti-HIV regimen (Table 1).…”

Section: The Traditional Three-step Treatment Regimenmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…sieberiana intake is not primarily to reduce the viral load (although it displays modest anti-HIV activity; Leteane et al, 2012), but rather to 'strengthen' the blood of the patient to prepare him/her for the next treatment steps.…”

Section: Preparation and Expected Health Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently reported that extracts from a widely used traditional medicinal plant, Cassia sieberiana D.C., have a direct inhibitory effect on HIV-1 in vitro, specifically on the binding/entry stage of viral replication (Leteane et al, 2012). During our ongoing collaboration with the traditional healer Amos Namushe, who recommended this plant for investigation, and his former apprentice Sundana Simonambango, it emerged that the traditional C. sieberiana prescription constitutes the first of a three-step HIV treatment regimen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Croton megalobotrys Müll Arg. and Vitex doniana (Sweet): Traditional medicinal plants in a three-step treatment regimen that inhibit in vitro replication of HIV-1

Tietjen

Gatonye

Ngwenya³

et al. 2016

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: The Traditional Three-step Treatment Regimenmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Preparation and Expected Health Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Croton megalobotrys Müll Arg. and Vitex doniana (Sweet): Traditional medicinal plants in a three-step treatment regimen that inhibit in vitro replication of HIV-1

Tietjen

Gatonye

Ngwenya³

et al. 2016

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Self Cite

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“…Research has mainly been done on traditional medicinal plants and has confirmed many of them to be effective (for Botswana, see Staugard 1989;Andrae-Marobela et al 2010). In recent years biochemists have even found that some traditional herbs could significantly inhibit HIV-1 replication (Leteane et al 2012). However, local political authorities refrain from honoring traditional medicine for such achievements, as the vice president Ponatshego Kedikilwe explained it in an opening remark at the National AIDS council:…”

Section: Local Historical Traces Of the Hegemony Of Biomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

WHO guidelines challenged in Botswana: traditional medicine between healing, politics and witchcraft

Geiselhart

2018

Journal of Political Ecology

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The World Health Organization (WHO) supports integrating traditional health care into national health systems. The reasons why this is not happening in Botswana are manifold, complex and not always rational. Traditional healers demand the right to practice their techniques and organize themselves with an emancipatory political claim, but they are unsuccessful. Based on a political ecology of health perspective combined with assemblage thinking, this article explores discourses and historical lines of development in order to show how Christian morality, the dualism between tradition and modernity and the introduction of a modern public health system are intertwined with belief in witchcraft that clandestinely hampers development. Keywords: political ecology, medical epistemes, public health, traditional healing, witchcraft, assemblage Résumé L'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) suggère d'intégrer les soins de santé traditionnels dans les systèmes de santé nationaux. Les raisons pour lesquelles cela ne se produit pas au Botswana sont multiples, complexes et pas toujours rationnelles. Les guérisseurs traditionnels revendiquent le droit de pratiquer leurs techniques et de s'organiser avec une revendication politique émancipatrice, mais ils ne réussissent pas. Basé sur une perspective d'écologie politique de la santé combinée à la pensée d'assemblage, cet article explore les discours et les lignes de développement historiques. L'objectif est de montrer comment la morale chrétienne, le dualisme entre tradition et modernité et l'introduction d'un système de santé publique moderne sont intimement liés à la croyance en la sorcellerie. Cela entrave le développement de manière clandestine. Mots-clés: écologie politique, épistémèmes médicaux, santé publique, guérisons traditionnelles, sorcellerie, assemblage ResumenLa Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) apoya la integración de la asistencia médica tradicional a los sistemas nacionales de salud. Las razones por las que no sucede aún en Botswana son variadas, complejas y no siempre racionales. Quienes practican la medicina tradicional demandan su derecho de practicar sus técnicas y organizarse de acuerdo a una declaración política emancipatoria, sin aún tener éxito. Desde una perspectiva de la ecología política de la salud en combinación con un pensamiento basado ensamblajes, este artículo explora discursos y líneas históricas de desarrollo con el fin de demostrar cómo la moralidad cristiana, el dualismo entre la tradición y la modernidad, y la introducción de un sistema moderno de salud pública, están entrelazados con creencias y hechicería que, de manera clandestina, obstruyen el desarrollo.

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Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon citratus, and Rosmarinus officinalis, and Their Effects on the HIV‐1 Tat Protein Function

Feriotto

Marchetti

Costa

et al. 2018

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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New drugs would be beneficial to fight resistant HIV strains, in particular those capable of interfering with essential viral functions other than those targeted by highly active antiretroviral therapy drugs. Despite the central role played by Tat protein in HIV transcription, a search for vegetable extracts able to hamper this important viral function was never carried out. In this work, we evaluated the chemical composition and possible interference of essential oil from Thymus vulgaris, Cananga odorata, Cymbopogon citratus, and Rosmarinus officinalis with the Tat/TAR-RNA interaction and with Tat-induced HIV-1 LTR transcription. GC/MS Analysis demonstrated the biodiversity of herbal species translated into essential oils composed of different blends of terpenes. In all of them, 4 - 6 constituents represent from 81.63% to 95.19% of the total terpenes. Essential oils of Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon citratus, and Rosmarinus officinalis were active in interfering with Tat functions, encouraging further studies to identify single terpenes responsible for the antiviral activity. In view of the quite different composition of these essential oils, we concluded that their interference on Tat function depends on specific terpene or a characteristic blend.

show abstract

Old plants newly discovered: Cassia sieberiana D.C. and Cassia abbreviata Oliv. Oliv. root extracts inhibit in vitro HIV-1c replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by different modes of action

Cited by 39 publications

References 35 publications

Croton megalobotrys Müll Arg. and Vitex doniana (Sweet): Traditional medicinal plants in a three-step treatment regimen that inhibit in vitro replication of HIV-1

Croton megalobotrys Müll Arg. and Vitex doniana (Sweet): Traditional medicinal plants in a three-step treatment regimen that inhibit in vitro replication of HIV-1

WHO guidelines challenged in Botswana: traditional medicine between healing, politics and witchcraft

Chemical Composition of Essential Oils from Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon citratus, and Rosmarinus officinalis, and Their Effects on the HIV‐1 Tat Protein Function

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