Oleuropein offers cardioprotection in rats with simultaneous type 2 diabetes and renal hypertension

Abstract

Objectives:The study aimed at examining the role of oxidative stress in cadioprotective effects of oleuropein in a rat model of simultaneous type 2 diabetes and renal hypertension.Materials and Methods:Five groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats including a control group, a diabetic-hypertensive group receiving vehicle, and three diabetic-hypertensive groups receiving oleuropein at 20, 40, or 60 mg/kg/day were used. Blood pressure and glucose, serum malondialdehyde, and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase were measured, and animal's hearts with ischemia/reperfusion injuries were used using Langendorff technique.Results:Blood pressure, blood glucose, serum malondialdehyde, infarct size, coronary effluent creatine kinase-MB, and coronary resistance of diabetic-hypertensive group were significantly higher than those of the control group, while those of the oleuropein-receiving groups were significantly lower than those of the diabetic hypertensive group receiving the vehicle. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, left ventricular developed pressure, and rate of rise and rate of decrease of ventricular pressure of diabetic-hypertensive group were significantly lower than those of the control group. These parameters as well as heart rate of oleuropein-receiving groups were significantly higher than those of the diabetic-hypertensive group.Conclusion:The findings indicate that oleuropein offered cardioprotection, which might be partly mediated by its antioxidant properties.

Oleuropein: A natural antioxidant molecule in the treatment of metabolic syndrome

“…Angiotensin 2 is a known vasoconstrictor, and it also protected rat hearts from reperfusion injury, which is usually associated with oxidative stress (Bali et al, ; M. Esmailidehaj et al, ; M. Esmailidehaj et al, ; Manna et al, ). In rats with simultaneous hypertension and diabetes, left ventricular developed pressure and rate of rise and rate of decrease of ventricular pressure was also found to be lower with oleuropein treatment than with the control in one study (A.A. Nekooeian, Khalili, Khosravi, ). A daily supplementation of ~30 mg was also found to reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in women (Moreno‐Luna et al, ).…”

“…Oleuropein has been shown to reduce malondialdehyde (I. Andreadou et al, ; Khalili et al, ; Z. Janahmadi, Nekooeian, Moaref, & Emamghoreishi, ), play a role in countering the pathogenesis, potentially protect the body against further rises in insulin resistance and, in a best‐case scenario, even have a reversing effect. Oleuropein maintained or increased antioxidant erythrocyte SOD levels (A.A. Nekooeian, Khalili, Khosravi, ; A.A. Nekooeian, Khalili, Khosravi, ; Khalili et al, ; Z. Janahmadi et al, ). Furthermore, multiple studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects on antioxidants on the development of heart disease.…”

“…In a murine model of simultaneous hypertension and diabetes, daily dosage of oleuropein up to 60 mg day −1 produced a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (Khalili et al, ), reduced renal hypertension (Khalili et al, ; Nekooeian et al, 2014), improved oxidative stress in hypertensive rats (Ivanov et al, ), reduced blood pressure (A.A. Nekooeian, Khalili, & Khosravi, ; A.A. Nekooeian, Khalili, & Khosravi, ; Khalili et al, ), and mitigated the negative effects of angiotensin 2 on epithelial progenitor cells (Vougogiannopoulou et al, ). Angiotensin 2 is a known vasoconstrictor, and it also protected rat hearts from reperfusion injury, which is usually associated with oxidative stress (Bali et al, ; M. Esmailidehaj et al, ; M. Esmailidehaj et al, ; Manna et al, ).…”

Oleuropein Protects Cardiomyocyte against Apoptosis via Activating the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase Pathway In Vitro

“…In addition, previous studies have identified the cardioprotective effect of oleuropein mediated by its antioxidant property in different kinds of models [8–12]. Furthermore, Campolo et al have reported that oleuropein could represent a possible treatment against secondary events of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury through anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic pathways [13].…”

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“…Nekooeian and coworkers found that oleuropein reduced blood glucose, serum malondialdehyde, blood pressure, infaract size, coronary effluent creatine kinase-MB and coronary resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. It also reduced left ventricular developed pressure, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, rate of rise and rate of decrease of ventricular pressure 34 . Fig.3 …”