Olfaction and Taste Processing in Autism

Bennetto, Loisa; Kuschner, Emily S.; Hyman, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.04.019

Cited by 211 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Impaired olfactory identification in children with high functioning autism was reported by Bennetto et al [19]. The researchers used older participants than we did (mean age 14.4 versus 10.8 years in our study); thus, it is plausible that the autistic group in our study may "grow into deficit" as they become older.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Subjects were not medication free, especially in the autism group. Because of potential association with medication taking and olfactory abilities, we performed a literature search and found only minimal effects of antipsychotic and other psychotropic medications on olfactory performance [5,19,36,37]. There was also a high rate of allergies in both groups that corresponded with the use of anti-allergy medication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants with autism were significantly less accurate than control participants in identifying sour tastes and marginally less accurate for bitter tastes. Taste detection thresholds were equivalent [19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The ability to identify and detect tastes was examined by Bennetto et al [19] in 21 participants with autism compared with 27 controls. Taste identification was tested via sucrose, NaCl, citric acid, and quinine solutions; taste detection thresholds were established with electrogustometry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that medial temporal lobe structures are implicated in odor detection, while the orbitofrontal cortex is implicated in olfactory identification, the authors suggested that AS was associated with orbitofrontal, but not medial temporal lobe, dysfunction. In 2007 Bennetto et al [19] examined olfactory and taste functioning in individuals with autism. The study focused on olfactory identification and compared 21 participants with autism (mean age 14.4 years) with 27 well-matched controls.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Odor detection threshold, but not odor identification, is impaired in children with autism

Dudová

Vodička

Havlovičová

et al. 2011

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Objective: The aim of our study was to examine odor detection thresholds and odor identification in autistic subjects. Methods:Thirty-five patients with Asperger"s syndrome and high functioning autism (mean age 10.8 ± 3.6 years; 31 boys) were compared with 35 healthy control subjects (mean age 10.4 ± 2.4 years; 28 boys). There were no significant differences between groups with regard to mean age (p = 0.598) and gender proportion (p = 0.324). Olfactory testing used the Sniffin" Sticks test (Threshold and Identification parts only).Results: Participants with Asperger"s syndrome and high functioning autism, in comparison with healthy controls, were significantly impaired relative to odor detection thresholds (6.3 ± 3.1 vs. 7.9 ± 2.0; p = 0.025). Autistic participants were significantly better in correctly identifying the odor of an orange (94% vs. 63%; p < 0.05) and significantly worse at correctly identifying the odor of cloves (40% vs. 74%; p < 0.05). With regard to identification of fourteen other substances, there were no significant differences. There was no significant difference between autistic and control subjects on the total score of olfactory identification (p = 0.799). Odor identification ability (as expressed by this total score) correlated significantly with age in the control group (p = 0.049) but not in the autism group (p = 0.103). Conclusions:We found impaired odor detection and almost normal odor identification in children with autism. Implications for further research are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Odor detection threshold, but not odor identification, is impaired in children with autism

Dudová

Vodička

Havlovičová

et al. 2011

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Sensory Features in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Baranek

Little

Parham

et al. 2014

Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Fourth Edition

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Sensory features (i.e., unusual behavioral responses to sensory stimuli) are highly prevalent and heterogeneous across individuals with ASD. From a developmental perspective, sensory response patterns are associated with and have cascading effects on other core symptoms in ASD. Burgeoning research using novel technologies is beginning to uncover the nature and pathogenesis of these features. As sensory issues often demonstrate a functional impact on adaptive behavior, social participation, and well‐being, it is important that the evidence base for clinical interventions continues to grow.

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Alternative Treatments

Smith

2014

Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Fourth Edition

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Most individuals with ASD participate in alternative treatments, which are therapies intended to augment or supplant conventional remedies. Popular alternative treatments for ASD include biomedical interventions such as elimination diets or nutritional supplements and sensorimotor interventions such as swinging or brushing an individual's body. Although little research is available on most of these treatments, some have been found to be unsafe or ineffective. Resources are available to facilitate open communication between practitioners and families about alternative treatments and to help families make informed decisions about them. Over time, efforts to increase access to and quality of conventional care may reduce the impetus for families to seek alternative treatments.

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Olfaction and Taste Processing in Autism

Cited by 211 publications

References 57 publications

Odor detection threshold, but not odor identification, is impaired in children with autism

Odor detection threshold, but not odor identification, is impaired in children with autism

Sensory Features in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Alternative Treatments

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