Olfaction in Migraineurs

Hirsch, Fabian

doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.1992.hed3205233.x

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Stress was the commonest triggering factor (72.1%) which is consistent with other studies [17] [17], [26], [28], [33], [34], [35], [36] , [37], [38] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Clinical Profile of Migraine Headache with Special Reference to Trigger Factors in Medical College Set Up

2017

IJSR

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Background and objectives: Migraine is one of the disabling primary headache in the population. It affects the individual and society at large by loss of productivity by the sufferers and enormous economic burden. There are multiple factors which can trigger migraine. If properly controlled, it can reduce the burden of migraine. Health care professionals are exposed to multiple trigger factors like sleep disturbance, stress and untimely food habits which give rise to increase in migraine frequency. We conducted this study of detailed clinical profile and trigger factors among the 2050 subjects (MBBS students: 909, BDS students: 323, Nursing students: 268, Post graduates students and staff: 550) in our medical institute Methods: Subjects were given questionnaires on migraine headache and instructed to give details of clinical features with special reference to trigger factors. The assessment tools used were visual analogue scale (VAS) and migraine disability assessment scale (MIDAS). Results: Out of 2050 subjects 697 suffered from migraine headache. The overall prevalence of migraine headache was 34%. Out of which females had higher prevalence (66.1%) as compared to males (33.8%). Headache experienced by majority of student population was unilateral (31.4%), pulsating type (51.6%) and of moderate intensity (77.1%). Common associated symptoms were nausea associated with other factors (40%) and photophobia & phonophobia (18.6%). Stress (72.1%) & decreased sleep (49.4%) were the most common triggering factors. Practice of self-medication was reported by 80.2% of subjects. Specific anti migraine medication use in migraineurs was found to be low (7.7%) showing inadequate management of migraine headache in our study population. Conclusion: Our study noted high frequency of trigger factors in medical professionals and most common triggering factor was stress and disturbed sleep. There was very low usage of specific anti migraine medications among them. To our knowledge this is the first large study to evaluate migraine among medical professionals.

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“…Stress was the commonest triggering factor (72.1%) which is consistent with other studies [17] [17], [26], [28], [33], [34], [35], [36] , [37], [38] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Clinical Profile of Migraine Headache with Special Reference to Trigger Factors in Medical College Set Up

2017

IJSR

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“…There are contradictory results that show the presence of sensorial hyperacuity to odours in migraineurs [11], but also that migraineurs can be more anosmic or hyposmic than normal subjects [12]. The less common prevalence of osmophobia in migraine, compared to phono-or photophobia, can suggest that only severe painful attacks can activate the olfactory system, while the activation threshold is lower for the visual and auditory systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of allodynia, osmophobia and red ear syndrome in the juvenile headache: preliminary data

et al. 2005

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The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of clinical allodynia, osmophobia and red ear syndrome in a young population. Medical records of the children admitted for headache between 1 December 2004 and 31 March 2005 were consecutively studied. A questionnaire was used to find the prevalence of allodynia, osmophobia and red ear syndrome. We visited 96 children with headache. The range of age was 6–18 years. We classified migraine in 57%, other primary headaches in 25% and secondary headaches in about 18%. The presence of ipsilateral clinical allodynia was 14.5% in migraine, osmophobia in 20% of migraine and red ear syndrome in about 24% of migraine cases and they were absent in the other two headache groups. Our study shows that features like osmophobia, allodynia and red ear syndrome are not uncommon in migraine while they are absent in other types of headache.

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“…The ability of persons with migraine to detect and discriminate odors, as determined by standardized olfactory testing, is less clear. In one study, a large number of migraine subjects had poor olfactory acuity [10], as measured by olfactory thresholds, and in another migraineurs had increased odor detection [11]. A more recent study of episodic migraine subject found that their olfactory acuity was normal [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory function in migraine both during and between attacks

et al. 2014

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Introduction People with migraine often report being osmophobic, both during and between acute migraine attacks. It is not clear, however, whether such reports are associated with changes in olfaction such as hyperosmia, as measured by psychophysical testing. In this case-control study we quantitatively assessed olfactory identification ability, which correlates with threshold tests of olfactory acuity, in patients with migraine at baseline (no headache), during migraine episodes, and after a treated attack and compared the test scores to those of matched control subjects. Methods Fifty episodic migraine subjects and 50 and sex- and age-matched controls without headache were tested. All completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), a standardized and well-validated olfactory test. Results At baseline, the UPSIT scores did not differ significantly between the migraine and control study groups (median paired score difference: −1, p = 0.18). During migraine attacks, a minority of migraine subjects (eight of 42) developed microsmia (i.e. lower test scores by at least four points), suggesting that, as compared to their matched controls, olfactory acuity was somewhat impaired during migraine attacks ( p = 0.02). This difference was less pronounced and not statistically significant after a successfully treated attack ( p = 0.15). Discussion People with episodic migraine were found to have similar olfactory function as age- and sex-matched controls, but a minority exhibit microsmia or hyposmia during acute attacks. The cause of this dysfunction is unknown, but could relate to autonomic symptoms, limbic system activation, or disorders of higher order sensory processing.

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Olfaction in Migraineurs

Cited by 50 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical Profile of Migraine Headache with Special Reference to Trigger Factors in Medical College Set Up

Clinical Profile of Migraine Headache with Special Reference to Trigger Factors in Medical College Set Up

The prevalence of allodynia, osmophobia and red ear syndrome in the juvenile headache: preliminary data

Olfactory function in migraine both during and between attacks

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