Olfaction in the Order Carnivora: Family Canidae

Hepper, Peter; Wells, Deborah L.

doi:10.1002/9781118971758.ch26

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…A recent cohort study reported a marginal association between blood lead level and olfactory dysfunction, but at concentrations higher than in the BOSS cohort . Previous occupational studies of lead exposure and olfactory dysfunction have been mostly negative …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Cadmium has been associated with olfactory dysfunction in occupational studies in which exposure levels are high, but less is known about its effects on olfactory function in people without occupational exposure . Lead exposure is considered a potential cause for olfactory dysfunction, but previous studies have been few and results inconsistent . Cadmium exposure in the nonsmoking population primarily occurs through the ingestion of foods that have taken up cadmium from contaminated soil (root and green leafy vegetables, grains) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure to Cadmium, Lead, and Tobacco Smoke and the 10-Year Cumulative Incidence of Olfactory Impairment

Schubert

Pinto

Paulsen

et al. 2021

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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IMPORTANCEOlfactory impairment is common in older adults. Identification of modifiable risk factors for olfactory impairment at midlife has the potential to reduce the burden of olfactory impairment at older ages.OBJECTIVE To determine the 10-year cumulative incidence of olfactory impairment and evaluate potentially modifiable risk factors for impairment including exposure to cadmium, lead, and tobacco smoke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Cadmium, Lead, and Tobacco Smoke and the 10-Year Cumulative Incidence of Olfactory Impairment

Schubert

Pinto

Paulsen

et al. 2021

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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“…Koike and Masaki (2019) investigated the characteristics of fruits consumed by three carnivores and one primate in a Japanese temperate forest. Given that most carnivorous mammals are ground-dwelling and have dichromatic vision and a strong sense of smell (Hepper & Wells, 2015), the prediction would be that fruits adapted for dispersal by these mammals would be presented at ground level (or fall to the ground upon ripening) and be dull-coloured and scented. Herrera (1989) found some support for these predictions in his analysis of fruits ingested by carnivorous mammals such as foxes, genets, and martens in Mediterranean Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frugivory by carnivores: Black‐backed jackals are key dispersers of seeds of the scented !nara melon in the Namib Desert

Shikesho,

Midgley,

Marais

et al. 2024

Journal of Zoology

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Carnivorous mammals have been reported to feed on fleshy fruits and disperse seeds, but these interactions are seldom observed and are poorly understood in hyper‐arid regions. Scent may play a key role in these interactions, given that most carnivores have sensitive olfactory systems and dichromatic vision. The !nara (Acanthosicyos horridus: Cucurbitaceae) in the Namib Desert produces large (10–20 cm diameter) melons that remain green while undergoing increased volatile emissions with a changing chemical profile as they ripen. Using extensive camera trapping, we found that the fruits are consumed mainly by black‐backed jackals (Canis mesomelas) and rarely also by other carnivores such as cape fox (Vulpes chama) and brown hyaena (Hyaena brunnea). We found that scent cues play a crucial role as jackals mainly sought fruits at night and easily located ripe fruits that were experimentally buried beneath the sand to remove visual cues. Seeds retrieved from jackal scat showed improved germination relative to un‐ingested seeds. This study highlights the importance of fruit scent in mediating seed dispersal mutualisms involving carnivores.

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“…The number of studies devoted to olfaction varies strongly between 38 species from the family Canidae [ 11 ]. The majority of studies on olfaction have primarily focused on domestic dogs [ 12 , 13 ], with the assumption that the findings obtained for dogs could be extrapolated to other members of the canid family, suggesting that responses to odours are likely to be comparable across species [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Study of Scent Rolling in Captive Wolves (Canis lupus L. 1758) in Response to Olfactory Enrichment

Boić,

Jukić,

Mikuška

et al. 2024

Biology

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Scent rolling, a behaviour observed in various large carnivores like wolves, entails the animal lowering its chin and neck towards a scent, followed by rubbing the head, neck, shoulders, and back into it. This behaviour is prevalent among wolves exposed to diverse scents, though its exact purpose remains uncertain. In this study, captive wolves at Osijek Zoo responded differently to odours during olfactory enrichment sessions. In the initial year of this study, the highest level of interest, evidenced by both the frequency of responses and scent-rolling behaviour, was noted when the wolves encountered odours such as curry and rosemary, along with deer/mouflon and rat faeces. While certain odours, such as llama faeces and deer/mouflon faeces, garnered longer durations of interest in the second year of study, others, like guinea pig faeces and oregano, elicited shorter responses. Female wolves demonstrated a higher level of engagement with scents compared with males, particularly through scent rolling behaviour, which was exclusively observed in females during the second year of this study. Interestingly, certain odours did not trigger scent rolling, suggesting selective preferences. On the other hand, sheep’s wool induced the longest duration of scent rolling, and a lack of significant differences in behaviour was observed between morning and afternoon sessions. Despite the existence of multiple hypotheses put forward to explain the causation of scent rolling in wolves, it seems to be elicited by unfamiliar odours.

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Olfaction in the Order Carnivora: Family Canidae

Cited by 7 publications

References 107 publications

Exposure to Cadmium, Lead, and Tobacco Smoke and the 10-Year Cumulative Incidence of Olfactory Impairment

Exposure to Cadmium, Lead, and Tobacco Smoke and the 10-Year Cumulative Incidence of Olfactory Impairment

Frugivory by carnivores: Black‐backed jackals are key dispersers of seeds of the scented !nara melon in the Namib Desert

Preliminary Study of Scent Rolling in Captive Wolves (Canis lupus L. 1758) in Response to Olfactory Enrichment

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