Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Tumor Arising from the Olfactory Mucosa

Abstract

We report a rare case of olfactory ensheathing cell tumor. A female presented a large soft mass extending medially to the olfactory cleft and laterally to the middle meatus in the left nasal cavity. Imaging studies confirmed a cystic mass extending superiorly into the frontal lobe, indicating that the tumor arouse from the olfactory mucosa. A subtotal resection was achieved through an endoscopic endonasal approach without operative complications. Immunohistochemically constituent cells were diffusely positive for S-100 protein, but olfactory ensheathing cell tumor was diagnosed by negative staining for Leu7 (CD57). This case indicates that olfactory ensheathing cell tumor should be included in differential diagnoses for the olfactory cleft tumors.

Globose, cystic olfactory ensheathing cell tumor: A case report and literature review

“…In the present case, the radiological manifestations of the OECT were confusing, as a dural tail sign was evident on enhanced MRI and bone sclerosis and calcification were identified on computed tomography, which are similar to those observed with OGM (9). The differential diagnosis of tumors involving the extra-axial anterior cranial fossa, with or without bulging into the ethmoid sinus, should include OGM, OGS, OECT, Table II.…”

“…OECT may be treated surgically using the endoscopic transnasal approach or craniotomy. OECT has an extremely good prognosis, with a reported 2-year survival rate of 100% (2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The present study reports the ninth case of OECT, which included confusing radiographic features, and presents a review of the literature.…”

“…Bone erosion was a rather common finding (6/9 cases; 67%), whereas none of the patients presented with peritumoral edema. Intraoperative findings revealed that, out of the 9 OECTs, 8 originated from the olfactory bulb or tract, and 1 originated from the olfactory mucosa (9). OECs are specialized glial cells capable of migrating even in astrocyte-rich environments; they ensheathe olfactory axons in order to facilitate axonal growth.…”

“…Despite its rarity, ~50 cases of subfrontal olfactory groove schwannoma (OGS) and 8 cases of OECT, with clinical and radiological features similar to those of meningiomas and neuroblastomas in the midline of the anterior cranial fossa, have been published worldwide to date (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). The biological behaviour of OECT is currently unknown; The previous cases reported a benign course and a short follow-up time (2,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). OECs resemble Schwann cells on light and electron microscopy; however, the presence of cluster of differentiation 57, also known as Leu-7, is considered to differentiate OGS from OECT (2).…”

Olfactory ensheathing cell tumor: A case report and review of the literature

“…It is also necessary to differentiate these malignancies from common meningiomas in the anterior fossa (2). OECT was first identified as a distinct entity by Yasuda et al in 2006 (1), and only seven cases have been reported to date (1,(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Therefore, little information is available with regard to the clinical, radiological and immunohistochemical characteristics of OECTs (5).…”