Olfactory function, eating ability, and visceral obesity associated with MMSE three years after Parkinson's disease diagnosis

Vikdahl, Magdalena; Domellöf, Magdalena Eriksson; Forsgren, Lars; Håglin, Lena

doi:10.1007/s12603-015-0573-1

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The use of shared neural substrates in the premotor frontal and orbitofrontal cortex by olfaction and cognition (Figure 2), and the contribution of cholinergic deficits to OD provides a potential mechanism for why greater OD appears to identify the subset of sporadic and monogenic PD patients at greater risk of future cognitive impairment [ (59,107,(139)(140)(141)(142)(143)(144)(145)(146)(147)(148)(149); reviews: (27,150)]. Thus, genome-wide screens in PD subjects for variants that influence risk of severe OD or protect from developing OD may identify genetic factors that increase risk of, or offer protection from, cognitive impairment in PD.…”

Section: How Is Od Related To Disease Onset and Progression?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Dysfunction in Familial and Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

Chase

Μarkopoulou

2020

Front. Neurol.

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This minireview discusses our current understanding of the olfactory dysfunction that is frequently observed in sporadic and familial forms of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonian syndromes. We review the salient characteristics of olfactory dysfunction in these conditions, discussing its prevalence and characteristics, how neuronal processes and circuits are altered in Parkinson's disease, and what is assessed by clinically used measures of olfactory function. We highlight how studies of monogenic Parkinson's disease and investigations in ethnically diverse populations have contributed to understanding the mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction. Furthermore, we discuss how imaging and system-level approaches have been used to understand the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction. We discuss the challenging, remaining gaps in understanding the basis of olfactory dysfunction in neurodegeneration. We propose that insights could be obtained by following longitudinal cohorts with familial forms of Parkinson's disease using a combination of approaches: a multifaceted longitudinal assessment of olfactory function during disease progression is essential to identify not only how dysfunction arises, but also to address its relationship to motor and non-motor Parkinson's disease symptoms. An assessment of cohorts having monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease, available within the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease (GEoPD), as well as other international consortia, will have heuristic value in addressing the complexity of olfactory dysfunction in the context of the neurodegenerative process. This will inform our understanding of Parkinson's disease as a multisystem disorder and facilitate the more effective use of olfactory dysfunction assessment in identifying prodromal Parkinson's disease and understanding disease progression.

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Section: How Is Od Related To Disease Onset and Progression?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory Dysfunction in Familial and Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

Chase

Μarkopoulou

2020

Front. Neurol.

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“…The clinical importance of hyposmia continues to evolve, and in individuals with PD olfaction testing can be used at a diagnostic tool [8] and is predictive of long-term cognitive decline and postoperative delirium [9–11]. In a large cohort of de novo patients, it was reported that PD patients with hyposmia exhibit more severe motor symptoms and required greater levodopa-equivalent at a 2.5-year followup compared to those patients with normal olfactory function [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Rosenfeldt

Dey

Alberts

2016

Parkinson's Disease

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Introduction. Based on anecdotal reports of improved olfaction following aerobic exercise, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise program on olfaction function in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods. Thirty-eight participants with idiopathic PD were randomized to either an aerobic exercise group (n = 23) or a nonexercise control group (n = 15). The aerobic exercise group completed a 60-minute cycling session three times per week for eight weeks while the nonexercise control group received no intervention. All participants completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) at baseline, end of treatment, and a four-week follow up. Results. Change in UPSIT scores between the exercise and nonexercise groups from baseline to EOT (p = 0.01) and from baseline to EOT+4 (p = 0.02) favored the aerobic exercise group. Individuals in the nonexercise group had worsening olfaction function over time, while the exercise group was spared from decline. Discussion. The difference in UPSIT scores suggested that aerobic exercise may be altering central nervous system pathways that regulate the physiologic or cognitive processes controlling olfaction in individuals with PD. While these results provide promising preliminary evidence that exercise may modify the disease process, further systematic evaluation is necessary.

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“…Mini Nutritional Assessment is used for assessing the nutritional status of patients. There were 22 studies included in which MNA assessments were conducted [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. There was a total of 2713 participants, of which 39.2% were female and 60.8% were male.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Objectives: This systematic review analyzed the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with Parkinson’s Disease. Study design: a systematic review. Method: Four databases—Cochrane, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science—were searched from October 2021 to June 2022 by two independent researchers. The inclusion criteria were as follows: patients above 18 years old with confirmed Parkinson’s Disease, performed screening nutritional assessment, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies. Patients without Parkinson’s Disease and with other parkinsonian syndromes were excluded. Results: 49 studies were included in this systematic review. Patients ranged in age from 20 to 96 years. There were 5613 subjects included. According to Mini Nutritional Assessment, 23.9% (n = 634) participants were at risk of malnutrition and 11.1% (n = 294) were malnourished. According to BMI score, most patients were either obese or overweight. Conclusions: the prevalence of malnutrition or risk of malnutrition in the study group was significant. Therefore, more specific and detailed studies on the prevalence of malnutrition in patients with Parkinson’s Disease are needed.

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Olfactory function, eating ability, and visceral obesity associated with MMSE three years after Parkinson's disease diagnosis

Abstract: This study indicates that olfactory function, cutting food, swallowing, and visceral obesity are associated with MMSE three years after PD diagnosis.

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Olfactory Dysfunction in Familial and Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

Olfactory Dysfunction in Familial and Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

Aerobic Exercise Preserves Olfaction Function in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

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