Olfactory function in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. A longitudinal study and review of the literature

Bombini, Mariana Freschi; Peres, Fernando Augusto; Lapa, Aline Tamires; Sinicato, Nailú Angélica; Quental, Beatriz Ricato; Pincelli, Agatha de Souza Melo; Amaral, Tiago Nardi; Gomes, Caroline Cristina; Rio, Ana Paula del; Marques-Neto, João Francisco; Costallat, Lilian T. L.; Fernándes, Paula Teíxeira; Cendes, Fernando; Rittner, Letícia; Appenzeller, Simone

doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.02.002

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Shoenfeld et al [1] reported dysosmia in SLE patients; their test results showed that 46% of SLE patients had heterosmia, which was significantly higher than the 25% observed in the control group, and dysosmia was related to disease activity and neuropsychiatric SLE. Bombini et al [8] found a higher probability of olfactory abnormalities among SLE patients than among healthy controls, with olfactory abnormalities associated with disease activity, age, and positivity for anti-P antibody. Our results were consistent with the results of previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported in the literature that injection of ARPA into the lateral ventricle of female C3H mice can cause dysosphresia [10]. SLE patients with olfactory dysfunction had more frequent anti-P antibodies when compared to SLE patients without olfactory impairment [8]. Some studies have shown that the positive ARPA rate found in SLE patients in active disease was higher than that in patients in a stable stage [11,12], and the rate of heterosmia in the active disease stage was also higher than that found in patients with stable disease [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered Olfactory Function in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

et al. 2019

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Background The objective of this study was to detect the level of olfactory function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to explore the relationship between impaired olfactory function and anti-ribosomal P protein antibody (ARPA), disease duration, and age. Material/Methods The level of olfactory function in 65 patients with SLE and 50 healthy participants was detected using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) method; serum ARPA levels in SLE patients and the healthy control group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results CCCRC scores in the active SLE group was lower than that in the inactive SLE and healthy control groups ( P <0.01). In SLE patients, the CCCRC scores of ARPA-positive patients were lower than those of ARPA-negative patients ( P <0.01). A negative correlation was discovered between CCCRC scores and ARPA serum levels in SLE patients. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a correlation among the CCCRC score, age, and ARPA. Conclusions Olfactory dysfunction was found in patients with active SLE; which correlated with SLE disease activity and ARPA levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Olfactory Function in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

et al. 2019

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“…Of interest is the fact that several major neurocognitive disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease feature anosmia as a prominent early symptom as well. Perhaps even more pertinent with regard to possible neuro-COVID inflammatory effects is the finding that in both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis patients, olfactory dysfunction is associated with age, neurocognitive dysfunction, inflammation and hippocampi and amygdalae volumes [15]. In SLE, the decrease in the sense of smell correlates with disease activity and CNS involvement [16].…”

Section: Primary Neuro-invasive Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delirium in COVID-19: A case series and exploration of potential mechanisms for central nervous system involvement

Beach

Praschan

Hogan

et al. 2020

General Hospital Psychiatry

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Introduction: Neuropsychiatric manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been described, including anosmia, ageusia, headache, paresthesia, encephalitis and encephalopathy. Little is known about the mechanisms by which the virus causes central nervous system (CNS) symptoms, and therefore little guidance is available regarding potential workup or management options. Cases: We present a series of four consecutive cases, seen by our psychiatry consultation service over a one-week period, each of which manifested delirium as a result of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Discussion: The four cases highlighted here all occurred in older patients with premorbid evidence of cognitive decline. Unique features seen in multiple cases included rigidity, alogia, abulia, and elevated inflammatory markers. In all four cases, a change in mental status was the presenting symptom, and three of the four cases lacked significant respiratory symptoms. In addition to discussing unique features of the cases, we discuss possible pathophysiologic explanations for COVID-19 delirium. Conclusions: Delirium should be recognized as a potential feature of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and may be the only presenting symptom. Based on the high rates of delirium demonstrated in prior studies, hospitals should consider adding mental status changes to the list of testing criteria. Further research is needed to determine if delirium in COVID-19 represents a primary encephalopathy heralding invasion of the CNS by the virus, or a secondary encephalopathy related to systemic inflammatory response or other factors.

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“…16 In patients with SLE, the severity of anosmia correlates with the disease activity. 17 The relationship between the severity of anosmia and disease severity of COVID-19 is not studied that can be a field of research for further studies.…”

Section: Deliriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Manifestations of SARS-CoV2: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms

Roozbeh

Pakdaman

et al. 2020

Int Clin Neurosci J

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Introduction Since the global outbreak of COVID-19 that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 2020, a lot of aspects of people's lives are affected including their psychological status. 1 Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 can be divided into those affecting the central nervous system (dizziness, ataxia, stroke, encephalitis, demyelination) and those affecting the peripheral nervous system (anosmia, agnosia, Guillain barre syndrome). 2,3 It was previously shown that viral diseases affecting the respiratory system can cause psychological outcomes that may last for a short or long time. 1 Follow-up assessment of survivors of SARS-Cov-2 infection showed that they had multiple psychological disorders including depression, panic attacks, obsessive compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. 4 Their risk of suicide and psychosis were significantly higher especially until one year of testing positive for SARS. 5 Recently, there is a focus on the neuropsychiatric presentations of COVID-19. It is estimated that more than one-third of patients with COVID-19 experience neuropsychiatric symptoms, including headache, paresthesia, and disturbed consciousness. Neuropsychiatric symptoms usually are associated with a more serious form of disease. 6 Recent studies show that patients affected by COVID-19 may show cognitive impairments like delirium. Their mood may be also affected by COVID-19 by direct and indirect mechanisms and depression, anxiety and insomnia may be prevalent in these patients. 7 Besides biological mechanisms such as positive neurotropism of virus immunological and inflammatory responses, the fear of dying due to the respiratory infection and social isolation, poses a great risk for getting anxiety and panic disorder that may impair cognition 8,9 In this review we aimed to investigated the mechanisms through which COVID-19 can produce psychological disorders that causes cognitive impairment and propose treatment options to decrease

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Olfactory function in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. A longitudinal study and review of the literature

Cited by 32 publications

References 96 publications

Altered Olfactory Function in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Altered Olfactory Function in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Delirium in COVID-19: A case series and exploration of potential mechanisms for central nervous system involvement

Neurocognitive Manifestations of SARS-CoV2: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms

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