Olfactory Insights into Sleep-Dependent Learning and Memory

Shanahan, Laura K.; Gottfried, Jay A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63350-7.00012-7

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…These systems share a similar anatomical structure, and, where tested, show similar sleep-wake state-dependence and modulation. The olfactory system in contrast, has a unique neuroanatomical pathway and may have a unique relationship with sleep (Figure 2; Shanahan and Gottfried, 2014;Perl et al, 2017). Schematic of major olfactory system components (blue) and overlap with sleep related areas (purple).…”

Section: Olfactory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell

Gaeta¹,

Wilson

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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Despite major anatomical differences with other mammalian sensory systems, olfaction shares with those systems a modulation by sleep/wake states. Sleep modulates odor sensitivity and serves as an important regulator of both perceptual and associative odor memory. In addition, however, olfaction also has an important modulatory impact on sleep. Odors can affect the latency to sleep onset, as well as the quality and duration of sleep. Olfactory modulation of sleep may be mediated by direct synaptic interaction between the olfactory system and sleep control nuclei, and/or indirectly through odor modulation of arousal and respiration. This reciprocal interaction between sleep and olfaction presents novel opportunities for sleep related modulation of memory and perception, as well as development of non-pharmacological olfactory treatments of simple sleep disorders.

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Section: Olfactory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell

Gaeta¹,

Wilson

2022

Front. Neural Circuits

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“…Interestingly, recent studies have indicated that the brain is quite receptive for olfactory cues even during sleep, and that the presentation of odors during sleep can modulate associated memory traces ("targeted memory reactivation"; for recent reviews see Oudiette andPaller, 2013, Shanahan andGottfried, 2014).…”

Section: Odors In Augmented Exposure Therapy For Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Odor-induced recall of emotional memories in PTSD–Review and new paradigm for research

Daniels

Vermetten

2016

Experimental Neurology

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It is clinically well known that olfactory intrusions in PTSD can be a disabling phenomena due to the involuntary recall of odor memories. Odorants can trigger involuntary recall of emotional memories as well have the potential to help diminishing emotional arousal as grounding stimuli. Despite major advances in our understanding of the function of olfactory system, the study of the relation of olfaction and emotional memory is still relatively scarce. Odor memory is long thought to be different than other types of memories such as verbal or visual memories, being more strongly engraved and more closely related to strong emotions. Brain areas mediating smell memory including orbitofrontal cortex and other parts of medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala, have been implicated in learning and memory and are part of a neural circuitry that is involved in PTSD. The olfactory cortex itself also plays an important role in emotional processing. Clinical observations support the notion that odor-evoked memories can play a role in the symptomatology of PTSD. This paper reviews a re-emerging body of science linking odor processing to emotional processing in PTSD using the calming and grounding effect of odors as well as the use of odors in augmented exposure therapy. This results in converging evidence that olfaction is an excellent model for studying many questions germane to the field of human emotional memory processing.

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“…This research has primarily utilized the odor context to manipulate sleep-dependent memory consolidation of these other forms of information (Rasch et al, 2007 ; Diekelmann et al, 2012 ; Hauner et al, 2013 ). Several recent reviews that include this work have been published (Rasch and Born, 2013 ; Shanahan and Gottfried, 2014 ) and this work will not be the focus of this paper. The second approach has been to focus on odor memory and the olfactory system itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and olfactory cortical plasticity

Barnes

Wilson

2014

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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In many systems, sleep plays a vital role in memory consolidation and synaptic homeostasis. These processes together help store information of biological significance and reset synaptic circuits to facilitate acquisition of information in the future. In this review, we describe recent evidence of sleep-dependent changes in olfactory system structure and function which contribute to odor memory and perception. During slow-wave sleep, the piriform cortex becomes hypo-responsive to odor stimulation and instead displays sharp-wave activity similar to that observed within the hippocampal formation. Furthermore, the functional connectivity between the piriform cortex and other cortical and limbic regions is enhanced during slow-wave sleep compared to waking. This combination of conditions may allow odor memory consolidation to occur during a state of reduced external interference and facilitate association of odor memories with stored hedonic and contextual cues. Evidence consistent with sleep-dependent odor replay within olfactory cortical circuits is presented. These data suggest that both the strength and precision of odor memories is sleep-dependent. The work further emphasizes the critical role of synaptic plasticity and memory in not only odor memory but also basic odor perception. The work also suggests a possible link between sleep disturbances that are frequently co-morbid with a wide range of pathologies including Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia and depression and the known olfactory impairments associated with those disorders.

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Olfactory Insights into Sleep-Dependent Learning and Memory

Cited by 16 publications

References 95 publications

Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell

Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell

Odor-induced recall of emotional memories in PTSD–Review and new paradigm for research

Sleep and olfactory cortical plasticity

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