Olfactory receptors on the maxillary palps of small ermine moth larvae: evolutionary history of benzaldehyde sensitivity

Roessingh, Peter; Xu, Sen; Menken, Steph B. J.

doi:10.1007/s00359-007-0218-x

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Sensillum chaeticum was significantly higher than other sensilla (Houot, Gigot, Robichon, & Ferveur, ). This morphological characteristic is suitable for contact with objects and thus has the function of feeling mechanical stimulation (Roessingh, Xu, & Menken, ). Sensillum styloconicum turned out to be the olfactory sense and may be preferentially regulated and inhibited by some monoterpene alcohols (Pophof, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifeeding effects of azadirachtin on the fifth instar Spodoptera litura larvae and the analysis of azadirachtin on target sensilla around mouthparts

Qin

Zhang

You

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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To clarify the types, number, and distribution of sensilla on the head of the fifth instar Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae and identify the main sensilla of azadirachtin acting on larvae, scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the head and sensilla on the mouthparts. The four sensilla—sensillum basiconicum, sensillum chaeticum, sensillum styloconicum, and sensillum trichodeum—on the head of the fifth instar larvae were treated with 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg azadirachtin by a microdrop method. The larvae showed an obvious antifeeding effect with azadirachtin. And higher the concentration of azadirachtin, the more obvious the phenomenon of antifeeding activity. The sensillum styloconicum and the sensillum trichodeum were the main sensilla for azadirachtin. When 1 mg/kg azadirachtin was used to treat sensillum styloconicum and sensillum basiconicum, the fifth instar larvae of S. litura showed obvious antifeedant activity and the cumulative feed intake for 24 hr was no more than 30% of the leaf area. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction verified the expression patterns of some Grs, indicating that Grst43a was upregulated by 1.3‐ and 3.9‐fold, Gor24 was upregulated by 2.5‐ and 3.3‐fold, Gr5a was downregulated by 0.6‐fold and upregulated by 2.0‐fold, and Gr28a was downregulated by 0.8‐fold and upregulated by 3.6‐fold upon treatment with 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg azadirachtin in 24 hr. Gr genes participated in the identification of bitterness and we speculated that Gr genes may indirectly lead to the occurrence of antifeeding behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifeeding effects of azadirachtin on the fifth instar Spodoptera litura larvae and the analysis of azadirachtin on target sensilla around mouthparts

Qin

Zhang

You

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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“…Larvae are equipped with olfactory sensilla located on their antennae and on the maxillary palps, representing approximately 78 neurons (Dethier and Schoonhoven 1969) that project into the antennal lobe (Kent and Hildebrand 1987;Itagaki and Hildebrand 1990). Electrophysiological studies confirm that some of these neurons detect plant odors, on the antenna (Dethier and Schoonhoven 1969;Dethier 1980) and on the maxillary palps (Roessingh et al 2007). Despite this limited sensory equipment, neonate larvae of several Lepidoptera species are able to orient towards odors released from their host plants and to express specific choices (Huang and Mack 2002;Singh and Mullick 2002;Castrejon et al 2006), presumably by recognizing patterns of combined odors and contact chemicals (Dethier 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pulsed Odors from Maize or Spinach Elicit Orientation in European Corn Borer Neonate Larvae

Piesik¹,

Rochat²,

Pers³

et al. 2009

J Chem Ecol

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Lepidoptera larvae are capable of orienting towards or away from plants by using odors as cues but whether this attraction is innate or secondarily acquired remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that European corn borer (ECB) neonate larvae express an innate attraction towards odors released from maize, and avoidance towards odors from spinach. Neonate larvae were placed on a locomotion compensator within a constant stream of humidified air that was loaded intermittently with airborne odors drawn from potted plants. The odor stream was delivered continuously or pulsed (1 to 10 sec pulses) at 40 ml/min. ECB larvae oriented toward maize odors pulsed at 2 to 6 sec but walked away from maize odors delivered at lower frequencies (9 and 10 sec pulses or to continuous ones). They consistently walked away from spinach odors, irrespective of the pulsing regime except at 1 sec pulses that did not elicit orientation. We further explored odor intensity on orientation towards maize odors by adjusting the odor stream intensity. At higher intensity (60 ml/min), the direction reversal started at the 6 sec half period, while at lower intensity (20 ml/min), it showed up only for the continuous stimulus. ECB larvae exhibit a striking ability to lock on to a direction, which they maintained despite gaps of up to 10 sec in the odor stream. Our results demonstrate that ECB neonate larvae express innate orientation preferences towards natural odors from plants. These reactions correlate well with the biological value of these plants for ECB: maize generally is accepted by ECB larvae and adults, while spinach represents a poor host because it produces (non-volatile) phytoecdysteroids that are toxic and deterrent.

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“…In larvae, they consist of a pair of small antennae and a pair of maxillary palps that, together, contain several decades of ORNs housed in a decade of olfactory sensilla [28], [29], [30], [31]. By contrast, adult antennae bear several thousands of olfactory sensilla that house two or three ORNs [32], [33], [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Olfactory Gene Repertoires of Adults and Larvae in the Noctuid Moth Spodoptera littoralis

Poivet¹,

et al. 2013

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To better understand the olfactory mechanisms in a lepidopteran pest model species, the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis, we have recently established a partial transcriptome from adult antennae. Here, we completed this transcriptome using next generation sequencing technologies, namely 454 and Illumina, on both adult antennae and larval tissues, including caterpillar antennae and maxillary palps. All sequences were assembled in 77,643 contigs. Their analysis greatly enriched the repertoire of chemosensory genes in this species, with a total of 57 candidate odorant-binding and chemosensory proteins, 47 olfactory receptors, 6 gustatory receptors and 17 ionotropic receptors. Using RT-PCR, we conducted the first exhaustive comparison of olfactory gene expression between larvae and adults in a lepidopteran species. All the 127 candidate olfactory genes were profiled for expression in male and female adult antennae and in caterpillar antennae and maxillary palps. We found that caterpillars expressed a smaller set of olfactory genes than adults, with a large overlap between these two developmental stages. Two binding proteins appeared to be larvae-specific and two others were adult-specific. Interestingly, comparison between caterpillar antennae and maxillary palps revealed numerous organ-specific transcripts, suggesting the complementary involvement of these two organs in larval chemosensory detection. Adult males and females shared the same set of olfactory transcripts, except two male-specific candidate pheromone receptors, two male-specific and two female-specific odorant-binding proteins. This study identified transcripts that may be important for sex-specific or developmental stage-specific chemosensory behaviors.

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Olfactory receptors on the maxillary palps of small ermine moth larvae: evolutionary history of benzaldehyde sensitivity

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Antifeeding effects of azadirachtin on the fifth instar Spodoptera litura larvae and the analysis of azadirachtin on target sensilla around mouthparts

Antifeeding effects of azadirachtin on the fifth instar Spodoptera litura larvae and the analysis of azadirachtin on target sensilla around mouthparts

Pulsed Odors from Maize or Spinach Elicit Orientation in European Corn Borer Neonate Larvae

A Comparison of the Olfactory Gene Repertoires of Adults and Larvae in the Noctuid Moth Spodoptera littoralis

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