Oligochaeta ramosa (Roxb.) Extract Regulates Lipid Metabolism and Exerts Hepatoprotective Effects in Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats

Abstract

Environmental pollutants present a potential source of toxicity when exposed to humans. The study was aimed at investigating the potential of Oligochaeta ramosa (Roxb.) as a hepatoprotective agent in cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity causing lipid profile disturbance. The aqueous methanolic (30 : 70 v/v) extract of O. ramosa Roxb. (AME.Or) was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis, whereas the antioxidant activity of its constituents was investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The hepatoprotective and antihyperlipidemic effects of AME.Or was investigated by dividing animals into five groups (A–E). Animals were either treated with normal saline or CdCl2 (6.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) followed by treatment with silymarin (100 mg/kg), or AME.Or (200 mg/kg) and AME.Or (400 mg/kg) for consecutive three weeks. Blood samples were collected, and the serum lipid profile was assessed on the 11th and 21st day of treatment. Histopathological analysis was performed after euthanization. In vitro analysis of AME.Or revealed 64% inhibition as free radicals scavenging potential during DPPH, total phenolic content (TPC) (79.92 mgGAE/g), and total flavonoids content (TFC) (38.75 mgRE/g). The group intoxicated with CdCl2 showed significantly high ( p ≤ 0.05 ) levels of the liver function indicators and lipid profile than in the control group. The higher dose of AME.Or (400 mg/kg) significantly decreased the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin ( p ≤ 0.001 ), decreased total cholesterol and triglycerides ( p ≤ 0.01 ) while significantly increased high density lipoprotein (HDL; p ≤ 0.01 ) as compared to the intoxicated group. The histopathological analysis of the liver revealed signs of necrosis in the intoxicated group, while AME.Or treated groups showed marked improvement. The findings accentuate the therapeutic importance of O. ramosa (Roxb.) as a hepatoprotective remedy.

Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf against Cadmium- Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats

“…Extract Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Exerting Hepatoprotective Effects in Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats. 36 However, administration of silymarin and the varying doses of the extract significantly decreased (p≤0.05) ALP, AST, ALT and total bilirubin in the serum of the experimental rats when compared to the untreated animals. This observation is highly significant, indicating that both silymarin and the extract possess hepatoprotective properties, mitigating the adverse effects induced by cadmium on liver function.…”

“…Extract Regulating Lipid Metabolism and Exerting Hepatoprotective Effects in Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats." 36 The reduction in ALP, AST, ALT and total bilirubin by the extract was dose-dependent. This finding underscores the importance of dosage considerations in harnessing the therapeutic benefits of O. gratissimum against cadmium-induced liver damage.…”

Phytochemical and Biological Investigations of <em>Ficus carica</em> L. Leaf Extract Along with Formulation Development

“…Gallic acid (standard) calibration curve was plotted by following the same procedure (Figure 1 (a)) and the results are expressed as (mg GAE/g) of extract were calculated using Eq. 5 [32] and are mentioned in Table 3. Aslam et al 2022 method with slight modifications was used to determined FLE total flavonoid contents.…”

“…The calibration curve for standard rutin was plotted by following the same procedure (Figure 1 (b)) and results are presented as (mg RE/g) of extract were calculated using Eq. 6 [32] and are mentioned in Table 3. The technique reported by Akhter et al 2021 was somewhat modified in order to assess the H2O2 scavenging potential of FLE.…”