Oligoclonality of a "composite" gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with areas of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type

Cabras, Antonello D.; Weirich, Gregor; Fend, Falko; Nährig, Jörg; Bordi, Cesare; Höfler, Heinz; Werner, Martin

doi:10.1007/s004280100504

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Peng et al 5 reported a clonal relationship between diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and MALT lymphomas of the stomach and supported this idea. In contrast, Cabras et al 17 and Matolcsy et al 18 reported patients with gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma having a MALT component composed of distinct clones. 17,18 In the present study, the preferentially used VH families differed between MALT lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas without MALT components, although their clinical backgrounds, such as gender deviation and the presence of Hashimoto disease and/or lymphocytic thyroiditis, were similar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Deviated VH4 immunoglobulin gene usage is found among thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, similar to the usage at other sites, but is not found in thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

Sato

Nakamura

et al. 2006

Modern Pathology

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It remains unclear whether or not diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of extranodal sites arise from mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas. We studied the clinicopathological features of MALT lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the thyroid gland, with special reference to VH usage of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, to clarify the relationships between these two types of lymphomas. In addition, t(11; 18) (q21; q21) translocation was examined by multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We examined 58 patients with primary thyroid lymphoma: 31 (male seven and female 24) with MALT lymphoma and 27 (male three and female 24) with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Interestingly, the sequence of VH genes revealed that the two subtypes differed significantly in their use of the VH4 family (Po0.05). Of the seven MALT lymphomas, three used the VH4 family and the other four used the VH3 family, whereas eight out of nine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma used the VH3 family, one used the VH1 family, and none used the VH4 family. It was also interesting that, in one diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patient with MALT lymphoma, the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma component used the VH3 family and the MALT lymphoma component used the VH4 family. These data imply that, in a subset of cases, these two subtypes do not share a common origin and that at least some diffuse large B-cell lymphomas have a de novo origin. No t(11; 18) (q21; q21) was detected in thyroid lymphomas, which are different from MALT lymphoma of the stomach, lungs, large intestine and ocular adnexa. This strongly indicated that the presence of t(11; 18) (q21; q21) in MALT lymphoma is organ-specific.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Deviated VH4 immunoglobulin gene usage is found among thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, similar to the usage at other sites, but is not found in thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

Sato

Nakamura

et al. 2006

Modern Pathology

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“…88,141 Oligoclonality can occur in some cases of chronic inflammatory disease, early neoplasia, neoplasms involving more than a single clone, certain infections, and other types of neoplasia. 15,45,88,103,127 Thus, again, it is important to use PARR testing in conjunction with clinical findings, histopathology, and immunophenotyping.…”

Section: Pcr To Detect Antigen Receptor Rearrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond H&E

et al. 2013

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Veterinary pathology of infectious, particularly viral, and neoplastic diseases has advanced significantly with the advent of newer molecular methodologies that can detect nucleic acid of infectious agents within microscopic lesions, differentiate neoplastic from nonneoplastic cells, or determine the suitability of a targeted therapy by detecting specific mutations in certain cancers. Polymerase chain reaction-based amplification of DNA or RNA and in situ hybridization are currently the most commonly used methods for nucleic acid detection. In contrast, the main methodology used for protein detection within microscopic lesions is immunohistochemistry. Other methods that allow for analysis of nucleic acids within a particular cell type or individual cells, such as laser capture microdissection, are also available in some laboratories. This review gives an overview of the factors that influence the accurate analysis of nucleic acids in formalin-fixed tissues, as well as of different approaches to detect such targets. Keywords cancer, ISH, IHC, nucleic acid analysis, molecular pathology, PCR, virology Technical ConsiderationsTissue Handling, Fixation, and Embedding Fixation of tissues in 10% neutral buffered formalin, followed by paraffin embedding (FFPE), has long been the standard approach of tissue preparation for microscopic evaluation. The chemical principle of formalin fixation is based on the crosslinking of proteins. Formalin has been used extensively because it is inexpensive and excellently preserves morphological detail in histological sections. However, the relatively recent development and increasing use of both protein and nucleic acid detection methods have revealed some significant shortcomings associated with the formalin-based fixation process. The effects of formalin fixation on DNA are chemical modification, DNA trapping, and potentially DNA fragmentation. Chemical modification, considered the main effect, results from the direct cross-linking of proteins to DNA. 68 In addition, extensive protein-protein cross-linking and the formation of protein networks result in DNA trapping. The combination of these effects makes it much more difficult to extract DNA from FFPE tissue than from unfixed tissue, especially when methods used for extraction from fresh tissues are used on FFPE tissue without any modifications. 60,83 In addition to interfering with the ability to extract nucleic acid, formalin fixation also causes DNA fragmentation, especially when the formalin used is inadequately buffered, which then leads to formic acid formation during the fixation process. This, in turn, results in depurination of the DNA, which then becomes susceptible to cleavage by hydroxyl ions and results in the formation of single-stranded breaks.60 Similar to DNA, RNA is also degraded and chemically modified as the result of formalin fixation. The most important chemical effect of formalin on RNA is the formation of monomethylol groups with purine bases. 77 This has a significant effect on reverse transcription ...

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“…These findings suggest direct clonal progression from MALT lymphoma to DLBCL. However, clonal diversity has been reported, too 4,9. According to the hypothesis described above, we can guess that clonal diversity is a possibility by the first and the third hypotheses, while clonal homogeneity is also possible by the second hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Several studies have tried to elucidate the clonal progression of MALT lymphoma to DLBCL. However, the clonal relationship between MALT lymphoma cells and coexisting DLBCL cells is still controversial, and the exact mechanism of transition from MALT lymphoma to DLBCL remains unclear 7,9,10. A clonal linkage between small and large cell components in gastric DLBCL was shown by immunohistomchemistry genetic linkage of MALT lymphoma and de novo DLBCL 6,11.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Cases of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas in the Cervical Lymph Nodes in Patients with Low-Grade Gastric Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma (MALT Lymphoma)

Jung

Yoon

et al. 2013

Clin Endosc

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It is well known that gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and have a good prognosis. However, although rare, these low-grade lymphomas transform to the high-grade diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) which are thought to be the important cause of death in patients with MALT lymphoma. We report two cases of DLBCLs in the cervical lymph nodes that occurred 10 years and 1.5 years after diagnosing low-grade gastric MALT lymphomas.

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Oligoclonality of a "composite" gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with areas of marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Deviated VH4 immunoglobulin gene usage is found among thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, similar to the usage at other sites, but is not found in thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

Deviated VH4 immunoglobulin gene usage is found among thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, similar to the usage at other sites, but is not found in thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphomas

Beyond H&E

Two Cases of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas in the Cervical Lymph Nodes in Patients with Low-Grade Gastric Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma (MALT Lymphoma)

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