Oligoglucoside elicitor-mediated activation of plant defense

Ebel, Jürgen

doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199807)20:7<569::aid-bies8>3.0.co;2-f

Cited by 81 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Chitinases have been localised in all plant organs and -tissues, both in the apoplast and in the vacuole, with different molecular structures and substrate specificities (reviewed by Kasprzewska 2003). Initially, plant chitinases were considered as pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins involved in the defense against fungal pathogens (reviewed by Graham and Sticklen 1994), and several lines of evidence showed increased resistance to fungal pathogens as result of the transgenic expression of chitinases (Jach et al 1995;Ebel 1998;Maximova et al 2006). However, further investigations have also shown that chitinases play a role in growth and development processes such as pollination, senescence, root and root nodule development, seed germination and somatic embryogenesis (Collinge et al 1993;Goormachtig et al 1998;Helleboid et al 2000;Regalado et al 2000;Kasprzewska 2003).…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

Chitinases in root nodules

Santos

Fortunato²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2008

Plant Biotechnology

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supporting

confidence: 56%

Chitinases in root nodules

Santos

Fortunato²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2008

Plant Biotechnology

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“…The elicitors, (1,3)-(1,6)-β-glucooligosaccharides, initiate signaling events involving ion currents on the plasma membrane, alteration of the cytosolic Ca 2 + concentration, activation of protein kinases, and the production of reactive oxygen species, as well as gene activation (Ebel and Mithöfer, 1998). In soybean, these cellular reactions finally lead to the accumulation of glyceollins, representing one important part of a set of inducible defense reactions (Ebel, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Octadecanoids and Functional Mimics in Soybean Defense Responses

Fliegmann

Schüler

Boland

et al. 2003

Biological Chemistry

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Oxylipins of the jasmonate pathway and synthetic functional analogs have been analyzed for their elicitor-like activities in an assay based on the induced accumulation of glyceollins, the phytoalexins of soybean (Glycine max L.), in cell suspension cultures of this plant. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its methyl ester showed weak phytoalexin-inducing activity when compared to an early jasmonate biosynthetic precursor, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), as well as to the bacterial phytotoxin coronatine and certain 6-substituted indanoyl-L-isoleucine methyl esters, which all were highly active. Interestingly, different octadecanoids and indanoyl conjugates induced the accumulation of transcripts of various defense-related genes to different degrees, indicating distinct induction competencies. Therefore, these signaling compounds and mimics were further analyzed for their effects on signal transduction elements, such as the transient enhancement of the cytosolic Ca 2 + concentration and MAP kinase activation, which are known to be initiated by a soybean pathogen-derived ␤-glucan elicitor. In contrast to the ␤-glucan elicitor, none of the other compounds tested triggered these early signaling elements. Moreover, endogenous levels of OPDA and JA in soybean cells were shown to be unaffected after treatment with ␤-glucans. Thus, OPDA and JA, which are functionally mimicked by coronatine and a variety of 6-substituted derivatives of indanoyl-L-isoleucine methyl ester, represent highly efficient signaling compounds of a lipid-based pathway not deployed in the ␤-glucan elicitor-initiated signal transduction.

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“…Because plants do not contain chitin, it is generally assumed that plant chitinases play a role in plant by attacking chitin, which is a common constituent of the cell walls of fungi and by itself can elicit plant defense (Kwon et al 2007). Several lines of evidence indicate that the transgenic expression of genes for chitinases results in increased resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens (Ebel 1998;Jach et al 1995;Nandakumar et al 2007). In addition to their putative role in plant defense, recent studies have implicated plant chitinases in plant interactions with symbiotic bacteria (Xie et al 1999), developmental processes, including flower development and leaf senescence (Leung 1992;Lotan et al 1989), and tolerance to abiotic stress, including cold, freezing, heat, salt, drought and strong light (Kwon et al 2007;Takenaka et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%