Olivine catalysts for methane- and tar-steam reforming

Kuhn, John N.; Zhao, Zhongkui; Felix, Larry G.; Slimane, Rachid B.; Choi, Chun W.; Ozkan, Umit S.

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2007.11.040

Cited by 171 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The majority of these studies have been conducted on high surface area supports, which are suitable for fixed bed reactors, but are not wellsuited for operation in a fluidized bed reactor where attrition is a concern. Corella et al and other investigators [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] have examined inexpensive materials such as naturally occurring olivine and dolomite as catalysts and guard beds for tar destruction before conditioned syngas is sent to an additional reforming reactor. Dolomite and olivine have been shown to have good tar reforming activity and can extend the lifetime of downstream catalysts, but both catalysts have relatively low activity for steam reforming of light hydrocarbons (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Yung

Magrini‐Bair

Parent³

et al. 2009

Catal Lett

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A fluidizable, Ni/Mg/K/AD90(90% a-Al 2 O 3 ) catalyst was evaluated in a pilot-scale study with oakderived syngas for tar and methane reforming at 900°C. The catalyst was operated in a semi-batch mode for ten individual reaction cycles, each separated by a regeneration protocol consisting of steaming followed by H 2 reduction. During the experiment, subsequent reaction cycles showed a decrease in activity as indicated by decreased initial methane conversion. During each reaction cycle, H 2 S poisoning was the dominant deactivation mechanism, while coking was deemed to be minor in comparison. Catalyst characterization by XRD and TPR suggest that the loss of activity for subsequent reaction cycles coincides with the formation of a NiAl 2 O 4 species that is not fully reduced under process conditions, which in turn results in a decreased number of potential metallic nickel (Ni 0 ) sites available for hydrocarbon steam reforming. An increase in nickel crystallite size with time-on-stream was also observed using XRD, indicating that sintering may also play a role in loss of catalyst activity, although this is not considered the primary deactivation mechanism because activity loss was observed even when nickel crystallite sizes remained nearly constant.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Yung

Magrini‐Bair

Parent³

et al. 2009

Catal Lett

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“…According to Nordgreen et al 21 , metallic iron obtained by reducing iron oxides (FeO, Fe2O4 and Fe3O4) significantly reduced the content of tar, a mixture of hydrocarbons produced from biomass gasification. Kuhn et al 43 investigated catalytic steam reforming of tar in the presence of olivine catalysts; they reported that Fe-related species increased significantly the production of hydrogen, compared to the experiment using only olivine. Similar contributions of Fe-related species to hydrogen production was also reported by Devi et al 44 , when catalytic steam reforming of naphthalene (a model biomass tar compound) was carried out.…”

Section: Mass Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Fe-Promoted Ni–Al Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Gasification of Wood Sawdust

Dong

Ling

et al. 2016

Energy Fuels

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ABSTRACT:The production of renewable hydrogen enriched gas from biomass waste is a promising technology for the development of a sustainable economy and society. Until now, there are still challenges of the technology in terms of the efficiency of hydrogen production. Catalyst is known and has been tested to enhance hydrogen production from biomass gasification. In particular using Ni-based catalysts, which have high reactivity for hydrogen production and are cost effective. However, developing a Ni-based catalyst with high thermal stability and resistance of coke deposition on the surface of the catalyst is still a challenging topic. In this work, Ni-Al catalysts doped with low-cost Fe metal were investigated for hydrogen enriched syngas production from gasification of biomass using a two-stage fixed bed reactor. NiOFe2O3-Al2O3 catalysts with various Ni:Fe molar ratios (9:1, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 2:8 and 1:9) were studied aiming to understand the influence of Fe addition on the production of hydrogen and the catalyst stability in terms of coke deposition on surface. X-ray diffraction, temperature programme reduction and Transmission electron microscopy analysis of the fresh catalysts showed that nanoparticles (mainly NiAl2O4 spinel phase and Al2O3, ~5 nm) were identified in the catalysts. High dispersion of metal particles was obtained using a co-precipitation method of catalyst preparation. With the increase of Fe addition, hydrogen production was reduced from around 11 to 8 (mmol H2 g -1 biomass). However, the addition of Fe into the Ni-based catalyst significantly reduced the amount of coke deposited on the surface of the catalyst.H2/CO molar ratio was maximized to 1.28 when Ni:Fe molar ratio was 1:1. In addition, sintering of metal particles was not observed through the TEM analysis of the fresh and reacted catalysts.2

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“…It was reported that Fe active sites could be dispersed atomically in the spinel structure to improve tar decomposition during gasification [36][37][38]. This kind of high dispersion of Fe on the spinel catalyst could overcome its shortage of the much lower surface area compared to a mixture of oxides and contribute to the higher gas production and hydrogen yield during the thermo-chemical process.…”

Section: Coke Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike popular Ni catalysts used in catalytic gasification and reforming, there are only limited research reports related to Fe catalysts in biomass gasification due to its relatively low catalytic activity. However, Fe was believed to be catalytically active for reducing heavy hydrocarbons in the gas product during the thermo-chemical process [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. It has also been adopted as a stable and active catalyst for the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic steam reforming of volatiles released via pyrolysis of wood sawdust for hydrogen-rich gas production on Fe–Zn/Al2O3 nanocatalysts

Chen

Dong

et al. 2015

Fuel

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Abstract:Thermo-chemical processing of biomass is a promising alternative to produce renewable hydrogen as a clean fuel or renewable syngas for a sustainable chemical industry. However, the fast deactivation of catalysts due to coke formation and sintering limits the application of catalytic thermo-chemical processing in the emerging bio-refining industry. In this research, Fe-Zn/Al 2 O 3 nanocatalysts have been prepared for the production of hydrogen through pyrolysis catalytic reforming of wood sawdust. Through characterization, it was found that Fe and Zn were well distributed on the surface with a narrow particle size. During the reactions, the yield of hydrogen increased with the increase of Zn content, as Zn is an efficient metal promoter for enhancing the performance of the Fe active site in the reaction. The 20% Fe/Al 2 O 3 catalyst with Zn/Al ratio of 1:1 showed the best performance in the process in relation to the hydrogen production and resistance to coke formation on the surface of the reacted catalyst. All the catalysts showed ultra-high stability during the process and nearly no sintering were observed on the used catalysts. Therefore, the nanocatalysts prepared in this work from natural-abundant and low-cost metals have promising catalytic properties (high metal dispersion and stability) to produce H 2 -rich syngas with optimal H 2 /CO ratio from the thermo-chemical processing of biomass.

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Olivine catalysts for methane- and tar-steam reforming

Cited by 171 publications

References 38 publications

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Demonstration and Characterization of Ni/Mg/K/AD90 Used for Pilot-Scale Conditioning of Biomass-Derived Syngas

Development of Fe-Promoted Ni–Al Catalysts for Hydrogen Production from Gasification of Wood Sawdust

Catalytic steam reforming of volatiles released via pyrolysis of wood sawdust for hydrogen-rich gas production on Fe–Zn/Al2O3 nanocatalysts

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