Omega-3 Extraction from Anchovy Fillet Leftovers with Limonene: Chemical, Economic, and Technical Aspects

Abstract

We investigate selected chemical, technical, and economic aspects of the production of fish oil rich in polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids from anchovy filleting leftovers using d-limonene as the extraction solvent at ambient temperature and pressure. Entirely derived from the orange peel prior to orange squeezing for juice production, the bio-based solvent is easily recovered, affording a circular economy process with significant potential for practical applications.

High Yields of Shrimp Oil Rich in Omega-3 and Carotenoids: Extending to Shrimp Waste the Circular Economy Approach to Fish Oil Extraction

“…16 Analyzing the technical and economic feasibility of fish oil production from anchovy leftovers using d-limonene as the only solvent at room temperature, we have lately shown that the process provides clear economic and environmental benefits in face of relatively small capital and operational expenses. 17 The findings reported in this account establish a new, low cost and simple route to a new marine oil rich in omega-3 and in astaxanthin directly made available from biowaste globally available in over 2.2 million tonnes per year.…”

High Yields of Shrimp Oil Rich in Omega-3 and Natural Astaxanthin from Shrimp Waste

“…Analyzing the technical and economic feasibility of fish oil production from anchovy leftovers using d -limonene as the only solvent at room temperature, we have lately shown that the process provides clear economic and environmental benefits in face of relatively small capital and operational expenses. 21 …”

“…This affords a circular economy process with significant potential for practical application because the cost of the initial purchase of expensive citrus limonene 16 is readily recovered via recycle of the biosolvent in several consecutive extraction cycles. 21 …”

Omeg@Silica: In-Silica Stabilization of Sustainable Fish Oil

“…Sourcing fish oil from fish processing waste is an urgent and global societal, economic and environmental need [8]. In a series of papers opened by the discovery of the extraction process using biobased limonene [9], we have jointly shown how fish oil sourced from anchovy or shrimp [24] industrial waste has exceptional nutraceutical value [14], and that the method is technically and economically viable [25].…”