Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Cancer Therapy

Manda, Katrin; Kriesen, Stephan; Hildebrandt, Guido; Fietkau, Rainer; Klautke, Günther

doi:10.1007/s00066-010-2166-6

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…( Das et al, 1998 ; Colquhoun, 2009 ; Moon, 2023 ). Since ionizing radiation also generates ROS, which leads to lipid peroxidation of PUFAs, lipid peroxidation may be further enhanced in the membranes of EPA-rich tumor cells, and thus the combination of EPA and radiotherapy may cause additional damage to tumor cells ( Manda et al, 2011 ; Zaloga, 2021 ). This seems to provide a strong explanation for the fact that EPA can enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in predicting the response and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients to concurrent chemoradiotherapy

Ping,

Li,

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: In recent years, abnormalities in plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) have been proven to be related to the risk of cancer, but their prognostic value for cancer is unclear. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the response and prognostic significance of plasma omega-3 PUFAs in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between omega-3 PUFAs and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) levels.Methods: A total of 89 patients with CSCC who underwent CCRT were evaluated retrospectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent predictors related to complete response (CR) after CCRT. A Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier analysis were utilized to perform survival analysis.Results: According to multivariate logistic regression analyses, a high level of plasma EPA was independently correlated with an increased incidence of CR after CCRT (odds ratio (OR), 0.980; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.962–0.999, p = 0.038). With a median follow-up of 41.3 months, the CSCC patients in the high EPA (≥46.0 nmol/mL) group exhibited longer OS and PFS. According to our multivariate analysis, pretreatment plasma EPA level was an independent prognostic factor for PFS in patients with CSCC who underwent CCRT (hazard ratio (HR), 0.263; 95% CI, 0.089–0.782, p = 0.016). However, it was not an independent prognostic factor of OS. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed was a negative correlation between pretreatment SCC-Ag (pre SCC-Ag) levels and EPA levels (r = −0.305, p = 0.004), and a weak negative correlation between posttreatment SCC-Ag (post SCC-Ag) levels and EPA levels (r = −0.251, p = 0.018).Conclusion: Plasma omega-3 PUFAs are related to the response and survival outcome of patients with CSCC who underwent CCRT. Pretreatment plasma EPA levels may be a promising biomarker for predicting the response and prognosis of patients with CSCC who undergo CCRT. In addition, the pretreatment plasma EPA levels presented a negative correlation with the SCC-Ag levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in predicting the response and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients to concurrent chemoradiotherapy

Ping,

Li,

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…FABP7 plays different roles in the cell depending on which ligand it is bound to [34,66,67]. DHA has previously been shown to inhibit the migration of FABP7-expressing GBM cells [34,35], as well as sensitize GBM cells to chemotherapy and radiation in vitro [32,37,68,69]. It is already known that dietary DHA can affect the fatty acid composition of lipids in brain tissue [70][71][72], opening the door to the possibility that GBM patient outcome could be improved by increasing the DHA content in the tumor microenvironment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FABP7 Facilitates Uptake of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Glioblastoma Neural Stem-like Cells

Choi

Goruk

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive tumor with a dismal prognosis. Neural stem-like cells contribute to GBM’s poor prognosis by driving drug resistance and maintaining cellular heterogeneity. GBM neural stem-like cells express high levels of brain fatty acid-binding protein (FABP7), which binds to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ω-6 arachidonic acid (AA) and ω-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Similar to brain, GBM tissue is enriched in AA and DHA. However, DHA levels are considerably lower in GBM tissue compared to adult brain. Therefore, it is possible that increasing DHA content in GBM, particularly in neural stem-like cells, might have therapeutic value. Here, we examine the fatty acid composition of patient-derived GBM neural stem-like cells grown as neurosphere cultures. We also investigate the effect of AA and DHA treatment on the fatty acid profiles of GBM neural stem-like cells with or without FABP7 knockdown. We show that DHA treatment increases DHA levels and the DHA:AA ratio in GBM neural stem-like cells, with FABP7 facilitating the DHA uptake. We also found that an increased uptake of DHA inhibits the migration of GBM neural stem-like cells. Our results suggest that increasing DHA content in the GBM microenvironment may reduce the migration/infiltration of FABP7-expressing neural stem-like cancer cells.

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“…Similar results were found in rats bearing Ward colon tumor under a cyclical regimen of CPT-11/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) where supplementation with fish oil inhibited tumor growth by raising its chemo-sensitivity and thus decreasing body weight loss, anorexia, and muscle wasting (Xue et al, 2009). Another study has proved the influence of EPA supplementation on the radio-sensitivity of colon adenocarcinoma cells HT-29 by increasing the extent of the LPO caused by radiation (Manda et al, 2011). CRC patients under chemotherapy enrolled in a prospective randomized fish oil supplementation and placebo-controlled study showed reduced CRP/albumin ratio, without changes in inflammatory cytokine profile, suggesting a reduction in the rate of development inflammatory and nutritional complications, and limiting the weight loss, suggesting that supplementation with these compounds is advisable during CRC treatment (Mocellin et al, 2013) ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Omega-3 Pufa Supplementation and Development Of Colorectal Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Bioactive Metabolites in Gastrointestinal Malignancies Related to Unresolved Inflammation. A Review

2019

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Chronic inflammation takes part in the pathogenesis of some malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract including colorectal (CRC), gastric, and esophageal cancers. The use of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω3-PUFA) supplements for chemoprevention or adjuvant therapy of gastrointestinal cancers is being investigated in recent years. Most evidence has been reported in CRC, although their protective role has also been reported for Helicobacter pylori -induced gastric cancer or Barrett’s esophagus-derived adenocarcinoma. Studies based on ω3-PUFA supplementation in animal models of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and CRC revealed positive effects on cancer prevention, reducing the number and size of tumors, down-regulating arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids, upregulating anti-oxidant enzymes, and reducing lipid peroxidation, whereas contradictory results have been found in induced colitis and colitis-associated cancer. Beneficial effects have also been found in FAP and ulcerative colitis patients. Of special interest is their positive effect as adjuvants on radio- and chemo-sensitivity, specificity, and prevention of treatment complications. Some controversial results obtained in CRC might be justified by different dietary sources, extraction and preparation procedures of ω3-PUFAs, difficulties on filling out food questionnaires, daily dose and type of PUFAs, adenoma subtype, location of CRC, sex differences, and genetic factors. Studies using animal models of inflammatory bowel disease have confirmed that exogenous administration of active metabolites derived from PUFAs called pro-resolving mediators like lipoxin A4, arachidonic acid-derived, resolvins derived from eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA), and docosapentaenoic (DPA) acids as well as maresin 1 and protectins DHA- and DPA-derived improve disease and inflammatory outcomes without causing immunosuppression or other side effects.

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Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Cancer Therapy

Abstract: The observations suggest that EPA is not only a nutritional adjuvant but also may be a potential candidate to enhance the efficacy of irradiation on human cancer cells.

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

The value of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in predicting the response and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients to concurrent chemoradiotherapy

The value of plasma omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in predicting the response and prognosis of cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients to concurrent chemoradiotherapy

FABP7 Facilitates Uptake of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Glioblastoma Neural Stem-like Cells

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Bioactive Metabolites in Gastrointestinal Malignancies Related to Unresolved Inflammation. A Review

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