Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Citation: Lee JH, Prasad A, Jarreau TK, O'Keefe JH, Milani R, et al. (2011) Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease. J Marine Sci Res Development S1:001. doi:10.4172/2155-9910.S1-001Copyright: © 2011 Lee JH, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Omega-3 fatty acids provides CV benefits through DHA and EPA enrichment of membrane phospholipids [9] which confers several potentially cardio-protective effects, including an increase arrhythmic thresholds [10], reduction in blood pressure [11,12], improved arterial and endothelial function [13], reduced platelet aggregation [14], and a favorable autonomic balance [11,15]. In a large population study of over 100,000 subjects, omega-3 fatty acid intake was shown to be inversely related to the development of type 2 diabetes in women [16]. A meta-analysis by Geleijnse et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease[17], of 22 double blind studies revealed that omega-3 fatty acid intake of about 4 g/d was associated with significant reductions of 1.7 and 1.5 mm Hg in systolic and diastolic pressures, respectively, an effect that was noted to be more pronounced in older patients and in those with higher baseline blood AbstractThe use of omega-3 fatty acids for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events has been endorsed by the American Heart Association. A number of key epidemiologic and randomized trials have been the basis for this recommendation. Initially, the GISSI-Prevenzione and JELIS trials demonstrated significant reductions in CV events with the use of omega-3 fatty acids. More recently,the OMEGA, Alpha Omega, and Kowey et al.[37] studies examining omega-3 supplementation in atrial fibrillation have shown conflicting results. Although more recent trials have not shown the robust benefits that were seen in the earlier ones, the balance of evidence still favor the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids. We would recommend the continuation of omega-3 fatty acids in patients with CV disease and in particular heart failure. Citation: Lee JH, Prasad A, Jarreau TK, O'Keefe JH, Milani R, et al. (2011) Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease. J Marine Sci Res Development S1:001.

A Comprehensive Assessment and Perception of Genetically Modified Foods

“…Transgenic plant products include soybean, corn, canola, rice, and cotton seed oil. Animal products include omega-3 fatty acids [15] and genetically-modified breed of pigs that are able to absorb plant phosphorus [16].…”