Omega‐3 fatty acids in colorectal cancer prevention

Reddy, Bandaru S.

doi:10.1002/ijc.20320

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Fish is the main dietary source of long-chain n-3 fatty acids, which have been suggested to play a protective role in colorectal cancer development (1,2). Although animal studies provide support for this hypothesis (3,4), consistent results have not emerged from studies conducted with human populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A 22-year Prospective Study of Fish,n-3 Fatty Acid Intake, and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men

Hall

Chavarro²,

Lee³

et al. 2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

155

117

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Background: Fish is the main dietary source of longchain n-3 fatty acids, which have been suggested to play a protective role in colorectal cancer development in laboratory and animal studies. Human studies have not shown consistent results. We examined the association between intakes of fish and n-3 fatty acids from fish and colorectal cancer risk in men enrolled in the Physicians' Health Study. Methods: The Physicians' Health Study began as a randomized trial to examine the effect of aspirin and B-carotene supplementation on cancer and cardiovascular disease. Fish intake was assessed at the 12-month follow-up with an abbreviated food-frequency questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariate relative risks for colorectal cancer for the categories of fish intake and quartiles of n-3 fatty acid intake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…n-3 Fatty acids may protect against colorectal cancer by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme and the production of arachidonic acid (n-6) derived eicosanoids (1,2). In general, eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid are proinflammatory whereas those produced from n-3 fatty acids are anti-inflammatory (1,33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 22-year Prospective Study of Fish,n-3 Fatty Acid Intake, and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men

Hall

Chavarro²,

Lee³

et al. 2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

155

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…N-3 fatty acids could potentially affect colorectal cancer development by several mechanisms, including the inhibition of both the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme and production of eicosanoids derived from AA (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). N-3 and n-6 PUFAs compete for the desaturase and elongase enzymes, which convert a-linolenic acid to the longer chain EPA and DHA and also convert LA to AA (18,24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Levels of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Aspirin, and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer

Hall

Campos

Li³

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: N-3 fatty acids may decrease risk of colorectal cancer by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme and production of proinflammatory eicosanoids derived from arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). Aspirin also inhibits the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme and may share with n-3 fatty acids a potential mechanism to decrease the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control analysis using blood samples collected from the Physicians' Health Study participants in 1982 to 1984. N-3 and n-6 fatty acid levels were measured using gas-liquid chromatography for 178 men who developed colorectal cancer through December 31, 1995 and 282 age-and smoking-matched controls. We used conditional logistic regression to examine associations. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Total long-chain n-3 fatty acids were nonsignificantly inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk [relative risk

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“…In particular, the amount and the type of dietary lipids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cholesterol/cholesterol esters, have been increased. These dietary changes resulted to be associated to the increase of chronic inflammatory, autoimmune and vascular diseases, as well as cancer development [68,70,93,94,99].…”

Section: Dietary Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several epidemiological and pathological studies have provided evidence that ''Westernization'' of dietary and nutritional practices is an important determinant in inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal polyps and colorectal cancer. Numerous studies have underlined the importance of the specific fatty-acid composition in the pathogenesis of these chronic diseases [17,28,70,93,104].…”

Section: Dietary Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGFβ1 expression in colonic mucosa: modulation by dietary lipids

2007

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Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFb1) is fundamental to maintain the intestinal epithelial cell homeostasis through its control action on cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. TGFb1 dysregulation has been observed in several chronic human diseases, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and colon carcinoma. In the first two conditions, a marked oxidative stress is consistently present, while in the third one, levels of reactive oxygen species tend to be significantly lower than in the surrounding normal tissue. Lipid-derived compounds such as the aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) or cholesterol oxidation products (oxysterols) were shown able to induce expression and synthesis of TGFb1, an event which can be detrimental or beneficial, essentially depending on its actual intensity. Understanding how specific dietary lipids may influence the complex molecular signaling underlying this cytokine expression, may provide new indications for therapeutic and preventive strategies in inflammatory bowel diseases and colon carcinoma.

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Omega‐3 fatty acids in colorectal cancer prevention

Cited by 58 publications

References 62 publications

A 22-year Prospective Study of Fish,n-3 Fatty Acid Intake, and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men

A 22-year Prospective Study of Fish,n-3 Fatty Acid Intake, and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Men

Blood Levels of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Aspirin, and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer

TGFβ1 expression in colonic mucosa: modulation by dietary lipids

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