Omega-3 fatty acids suppress Th2-associated cytokine gene expressions and GATA transcription factors in mast cells

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and mast cell activation

“…In a double-blind human study, a 5-wk supplementation with n-3 PUFAs significantly decreased exhaled NO from young (22-29-yr-old) asthma patients challenged with low-dose dust mite allergen, reduced the blood eosinophil count and inhibited the antigeninduced cysLT production by isolated leukocytes from these patients [153]. These results indicate that the effect of n-3 PUFAs on allergic responses might be dependent on how n-3 PUFAs are provided to the patients in terms of the PUFA dose, the Inhibition [69] IL-5 Human, mouse [70,71] Stimulates eosinophil differentiation and function [72] Inhibition [69] IL-6 Human, mouse [61,73] Induces B cell and cytotoxic T cell differentiation, promotes macrophage activation [74] Unknown IL-8 Human, mouse [57,75] Recruits monocytes/macrophages, promotes angiogenesis [76] Unknown IL-10 Human, mouse [71,77] Inhibits macrophage activation, promotes regulatory T cell function [78] Unknown IL-13 Human, mouse [71,79] Promotes eosinophil recruitment and airway smooth muscle cell contractility [80,81] Inhibition [69] IL-17 Human [82] Promotes tissue remodeling and production of proinflammatory cytokines [83] Unknown IL-33 Mouse [84] Promotes regulatory T cell function and Th2 response [85] Unknown (continued on next page) specific type of n-3 PUFAs, the age of the subjects, and the severity of their disease.…”

“…EPA and DHA supplementation decreased the content of LTB 4 , LTC 4 , and histamine in MC/9 mouse mast cells and suppressed the histamine release induced by IgE/antigen [11]. Furthermore, n-3 PUFAs suppressed the production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 by IgE/antigen-activated mouse primary BMMCs and decreased the translocation of transcription factors GATA-1 and -2 into the nucleus [69]. Although these studies did not examine the incorporation of PUFAs into cells or their membranes, they did demonstrate that the capacity of mast cells to signal via Fc«RI is disrupted with n-3 PUFA treatment [11,41,46,69,112,[159][160][161] (Tables 1 and 2).…”

Modulation of Mast Cell Function by Amino Acids In vitro: A Potential Mechanism of Immunonutrition for Wound Healing.

“…The authors did not find a significant change in IL-4 and IL-13 expression from the P815 mast cells because the cell line lacked GATA-1 expression; however, their results suggested that the oral administration of diet-derived nutrients (e.g. omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil) might regulate mast cell function in vivo [35]. Therefore, it would be interesting to investigate the interaction or cumulative effects of fatty acids and amino acids on mast cell function.…”

“…Although we did not investigate the role of omega-3 fatty acids, Park et al [35] demonstrated that these fatty acids also modulate the Th2 cytokine expression from mast cell lines by regulating the pathways of the transcription factors GATA-1 and/ or GATA-2. The authors did not find a significant change in IL-4 and IL-13 expression from the P815 mast cells because the cell line lacked GATA-1 expression; however, their results suggested that the oral administration of diet-derived nutrients (e.g.…”

Should the pharmacological actions of dietary fatty acids in cardiometabolic disorders be classified based on biological or chemical function?

“…Inflammation: A meta-analysis of 17 RCT suggested that n-3 PUFA from marine sources [417][418][419][420]. Further, 2224 mg/d EPA+2208 mg/d DHA supplementation in healthy men for 6 1 weeks reduced resting concentrations but not exercise-induced increases in CRP and TNF-α 2 [421].…”