Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer

Çetin, Zafer; Saygılı, Eyüp İlker; Benlier, Necla; Özkur, Mehtap; Sayın, Selin

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-74035-1_22

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The findings of the present work are supported by previous studies reporting that omega-3 PUFA causes selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells with little or no toxicity on normal cells [41,42]. EPA and DHA have been described to induce apoptosis in vitro in tumor cell lines derived from a wide range of tumors, including colorectal carcinoma [43][44][45], esophageal [46], pancreatic cancer [47], and lung cancer [48], among others.…”

Section: Cytotoxic Activity Of Lipid Extracts From Nannochloropsis Ga...supporting

confidence: 90%

Fatty Acid Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of Lipid Extracts from Nannochloropsis gaditana Produced by Green Technologies

Castejón

Marko

2022

Molecules

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Microalgae are alternatives and sustainable sources of omega-3 long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). However, the eco-friendly extraction of these bioactives remains unexplored. In this work, the use of enzyme-based methods in combination with ultrasounds was evaluated as green approaches to extract the omega-3 lipids from Nannochloropsis gaditana. Three commercial enzymatic solutions (Viscozyme® L, Celluclast® 1.5 L, and Saczyme®) were investigated, and results were compared with the traditional Folch method. A promising extraction approach was developed by using Saczyme®, achieving a lipid yield of 25.7% ± 0.5, comparable to the traditional method (27.3% ± 0.7) (p > 0.05). Similar omega-3 content was found by GC–MS analysis for both lipid extracts (30.2% ± 2.4 and 29.3% ± 0.8 for the green and the traditional method, respectively), showing that the green approaches did not affect the fatty acid profile. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of produced lipids was assessed by comparing human colon cancer cells (HCT-116) and epithelial nontumorigenic immortalized cells (HCEC-1CT). Results suggest that the lipid extracts have a selective effect, reducing the viability of the colon carcinoma cells but not the nontumorigenic cells. Thus, this study provides new eco-innovative approaches for extracting the omega-3 LC-PUFA from microalgae with promising biological properties.

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Section: Cytotoxic Activity Of Lipid Extracts From Nannochloropsis Ga...supporting

confidence: 90%

Fatty Acid Composition and Cytotoxic Activity of Lipid Extracts from Nannochloropsis gaditana Produced by Green Technologies

Castejón

Marko

2022

Molecules

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“…Previous studies revealed that both DHA and EPA affect CASP3 and, consequently induction of apoptosis (Sauer et al, 2005;Xue et al, 2017). Also, the BCL-2 family proteins are essential in Omega-3-induced cell death (Çetin et al, 2021;Lessa et al, 2021;Ma et al, 2021) suppressed by the L. plantarum. Also, the mRNA level of the BAX gene was upregulated, while BCL-2 was downregulated in C26 cells after being treated with either suspension of L. plantarum or bacteria extract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies revealed that both DHA and EPA affect CASP3 and, consequently induction of apoptosis (Sauer et al, 2005 ; Xue et al, 2017 ). Also, the BCL‐2 family proteins are essential in Omega‐3‐induced cell death (Çetin et al, 2021 ; Lessa et al, 2021 ; Ma et al, 2021 ). Our findings are in line with those of previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combined effect of fish oil containing Omega‐3 fatty acids and Lactobacillus plantarum on colorectal cancer

Sharifi

Yazdani

Najafi

et al. 2022

Food Science & Nutrition

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest malignancies. Recent attempts have indicated the role of diet in the etiology of CRC. Natural dietary compounds such as probiotics and Omega‐3 fatty acids that act synergistically can be beneficial in finding a tremendous solution against CRC. To date, the combined effect of fish oil containing Omega‐3 fatty acids (Omega‐3) and Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on CRC has been left behind. We here evaluated the effects of co‐encapsulation of Omega‐3 and probiotic bacteria on CRC cell lines compared to normal cells. Omega‐3 and L. plantarum bacteria were co‐encapsulated in three ways, including gelatin–gum Arabic, gelatin–chitosan, and chitosan–gum Arabic complex coacervate microcapsules. After treatment of cells (Normal [L929] and colorectal [C26]) by L. plantarum, Omega‐3, and microcapsules, viability and growth capacity of cell lines were measured using the MTT (3‐[4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Isolated total RNA was used to evaluate the expression profile of BCL2‐associated X protein (BAX), B‐cell lymphoma 2 (BCL‐2), and Caspase‐3 (CASP3) genes by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 25 software. A value of p < .05 was considered statistically significant. The results indicated a significant reduction in cell viability of C26 in a concentration‐dependent manner in the treated cells with all treatments, except gelatin–gum Arabic microcapsules. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of the BAX and CASP3 genes in C26 cells being treated with all treatments significantly increased than in untreated cells, and the expression level of the anti‐apoptotic factor of the BCL‐2 gene decreased in C26 cells simultaneously (p < .05). Although, the combined effect of Omega‐3 and L. plantarum and microcapsulated treatments had no more effect on viability and apoptosis gene expression of cancer cells compared to Omega‐3 or L. plantarum. In conclusion, combination therapy with fish oil containing Omega‐3 and L. plantarum does not improve the anticancer effect of each alone.

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