Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and brain aging

Denis, Isabelle; Potier, Brigitte; Heberden, Christine; Vancassel, Sylvie

doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000141

Cited by 65 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…n-3 PUFA are one the major components of neuronal membranes and key modulators of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurogenesis [16,17]. They include eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) [16,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Role of Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Presence of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons Degeneration in Aged Mice

Cutuli

Landolfo

Decandia

et al. 2020

IJMS

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As major components of neuronal membranes, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) exhibit a wide range of regulatory functions. Recent human and animal studies indicate that n-3 PUFA may exert beneficial effects on aging processes. Here we analyzed the neuroprotective influence of n-3 PUFA supplementation on behavioral deficits, hippocampal neurogenesis, volume loss, and astrogliosis in aged mice that underwent a selective depletion of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Such a lesion represents a valid model to mimic a key component of the cognitive deficits associated with dementia. Aged mice were supplemented with n-3 PUFA or olive oil (as isocaloric control) for 8 weeks and then cholinergically depleted with mu-p75-saporin immunotoxin. Two weeks after lesioning, mice were behaviorally tested to assess anxious, motivational, social, mnesic, and depressive-like behaviors. Subsequently, morphological and biochemical analyses were performed. In lesioned aged mice the n-3 PUFA pre-treatment preserved explorative skills and associative retention memory, enhanced neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, and reduced volume and VAChT levels loss as well as astrogliosis in hippocampus. The present findings demonstrating that n-3 PUFA supplementation before cholinergic depletion can counteract behavioral deficits and hippocampal neurodegeneration in aged mice advance a low-cost, non-invasive preventive tool to enhance life quality during aging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Role of Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Presence of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons Degeneration in Aged Mice

Cutuli

Landolfo

Decandia

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…DHA in particular is uniquely accumulated in central nervous system tissue and its presence beneficially J Physiol 594.16 impacts upon plasma membrane function, synaptic transmission and cellular signalling (Yehuda et al 1999). In vitro studies have also revealed a number of neuroprotective properties of DHA and EPA that may improve brain health including attenuation of inflammatory responses by either suppressing pro-inflammatory pathways and upregulating pro-resolving mediators such as neuroprotectin D1, or modulating mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress (Denis et al 2015). There is also evidence from animal and human studies to suggest that dietary supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs improves regional CBF, which may contribute to the preservation of both brain structure and function (Tsukada et al 2000;Jackson et al 2012).…”

Section: Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting brain health through exercise and diet in older adults: a physiological perspective

Jackson

Pialoux

Corbett

et al. 2016

The Journal of Physiology

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Philippa A. Jackson completed her PhD at Northumbria University (UK) in 2010; for it she investigated the effects of supplemental omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognition in healthy young adults. She has since then continued at Northumbria University as a Research Fellow focusing on the effects of dietary interventions for promoting cognitive function and cerebral blood flow throughout the lifespan. Marc J. Poulin completed a PhD in exercise physiology at the University of Western Ontario (Canada). He then completed a DPhil and postdoctoral fellowship in respiratory and cerebrovascular physiology at Oxford with Peter Robbins as supervisor and mentor. He was recruited to the University of Calgary (Canada) Amyloid and neurofibrillary tanglesAbstract The rise in incidence of age-related cognitive impairment is a global health concern. Ageing is associated with a number of changes in the brain that, collectively, contribute to the declines in cognitive function observed in older adults. Structurally, the ageing brain atrophies as white and grey matter volumes decrease. Oxidative stress and inflammation promote endothelial dysfunction thereby hampering cerebral perfusion and thus delivery of energy substrates and nutrients. Further, the development of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles contributes to neuronal loss. Of interest, there are substantial inter-individual differences in the degree to which these physical and functional changes impact upon cognitive function as we grow older. This review describes how engaging in physical activity and cognitive activities and adhering to a Mediterranean style diet promote 'brain health' . From a physiological perspective, we discuss the effects of these modifiable lifestyle behaviours on the brain, and how some recent human trials are beginning to show some promise as to the effectiveness of lifestyle behaviours in combating cognitive impairment. Moreover, we propose that these lifestyle behaviours, through numerous mechanisms, serve to increase brain, cerebrovascular and cognitive reserve, thereby preserving and enhancing cognitive function for longer. Abstract figure legend Age-related changes in brain physiology. Ageing is associated with a number of structural, vascular and neuromolecular changes in the brain which contribute to impaired cognitive function. Modifiable lifestyle factors including physical activity, cognitive activity and a Mediterranean-style diet may attenuate the progression of these changes and protect against cognitive decline.

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“…The increasing evidences support the beneficial effect of an increased intake of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3FA) in a variety of neurodegenerative and neurological conditions [17] . The dietary sources of omega-3FA are fish and sea foods, which are rich sources of DHA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Attenuation of Lead-Induced Neurotoxicity by Omega-3 Fatty Acid in Rats

Singh

Yadav

et al. 2017

Ann Neurosci

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Background: Lead is widely distributed in the environment and has been found to be associated with various health problems including neurodegenerative diseases. Purpose: In view of the increasing health risk caused by lead, this study has been carried out to investigate the neuroprotective effect of omega-3 fatty acid (omega-3FA) in lead-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Methods: Biochemical parameters including oxidative stress in brain regions, lead levels in blood and brain regions and histopathological examination of brain regions of rats were carried out in the present study. Results: Rats exposed to lead (lead acetate 7.5 mg/kg body weight p.o. for 14 days) caused a significant increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, ROS production and decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex, respectively, as compared to controls. Abnormal histopathological changes and increase in the levels of lead in blood and brain were also observed as compared to controls. Co-treatment of lead with omega-3FA (750 mg/kg body weight p.o. for 14 days) decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, ROS production and increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase and showed protection in the histopathological study as compared to rats treated with lead alone. Conclusions: The result of the present study shows that lead-induced oxidative stress and histopathological alteration in the brain region were significantly protected with co-treatment of lead and omega-3FA. This could be due to its strong antioxidant potential and metal-binding property.

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and brain aging

Abstract: These recent human and experimental studies provide support for and clarification of how ω-3 PUFA protect against brain aging and highlight the main lines for future research.

Cited by 65 publications

References 47 publications

Neuroprotective Role of Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Presence of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons Degeneration in Aged Mice

Neuroprotective Role of Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Presence of Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons Degeneration in Aged Mice

Promoting brain health through exercise and diet in older adults: a physiological perspective

Attenuation of Lead-Induced Neurotoxicity by Omega-3 Fatty Acid in Rats

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