Omega-3 supplementation in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – a review of clinical trials and cohort

Thomas, Sabu; Silva, Thaissa; Freitas, Juliana Côrtes de; Sacramento, Joselita Moura; Vazquez, Mirian Rocha; Araújo, Edilene Maria Queiroz

doi:10.2478/enr-2022-0008

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In PCOS, omega-3 fatty acids consumption may be a promising nutritional strategy for adjuvant treatment of the disease due to its antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Also, a very recent review [ 91 ••] reported that supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids of animal or vegetal origin could have indirect beneficial effects on PCOS through significant improvement in lipid and glycemic profiles, as well as some effects on hormonal profile, with probable anti-androgenic effect, and on antioxidant and inflammatory markers.…”

Section: Adjuvant Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the omega-3 supplementation of 800 mg for 12 weeks or 1500 mg for a period of more than 6 months significantly reduced several steroidogenic parameters, such as serum levels of total testosterone, free testosterone, LH and hirsutism score. Lower doses of EPA + DHA (600 mg/day) did not reduce the hirsutism index, but the menstrual cycle of women with PCOS became more regular [ 91 ••].…”

Section: Adjuvant Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects

Lonardo,

Cacciapuoti,

Guida

et al. 2024

Curr Obes Rep

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Purpose of Review The goal of the present review is to address the main adiposity-related alterations in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) focusing on hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (H-P-O) axis and to provide an overview of nutraceutical and pharmacological therapeutic strategies. Recent Findings Female reproduction is a complex and delicate interplay between neuroendocrine signals involving the H-P-O axis. Elements that disrupt the balance of these interactions can lead to metabolic and reproductive disorders, such as PCOS. This disorder includes menstrual, metabolic, and biochemical abnormalities as well as hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulatory menstrual cycles, insulin resistance, and hyperleptinemia which share an inflammatory state with other chronic diseases. Moreover, as in a self-feeding cycle, high androgen levels in PCOS lead to visceral fat deposition, resulting in insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, further stimulating ovarian and adrenal androgen production. In fact, regardless of age and BMI, women with PCOS have more adipose tissue and less lean mass than healthy women. Excessive adiposity, especially visceral adiposity, is capable of affecting female reproduction through direct mechanisms compromising the luteal phase, and indirect mechanisms as metabolic alterations able to affect the function of the H-P-O axis. Summary The intricate crosstalk between adiposity, inflammatory status and H-P-O axis function contributes to the main adiposity-related alterations in PCOS, and alongside currently available hormonal treatments, nutraceutical and pharmacological therapeutic strategies can be exploited to treat these alterations, in order to enable a more comprehensive synergistic and tailored treatment.

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Section: Adjuvant Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adjuvant Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects

Lonardo,

Cacciapuoti,

Guida

et al. 2024

Curr Obes Rep

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“…Self-reported omega 3 supplementation has also been associated with a higher likelihood of natural conception [ 108 ]. Moreover, its supplementation may improve insulin resistance and the glycemic profile in women diagnosed with PCOS [ 109 , 110 ].…”

Section: Macronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Popular Diets Impact Fertility?

Salvaleda-Mateu,

Rodríguez-Varela,

Labarta

2024

Nutrients

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Infertility affects 15% of the population in developed countries, and its prevalence is increasing. Fertility can be influenced by different factors. Although key factors like maternal age cannot be changed, there is growing evidence that other modifiable factors, such as diet, can have an impact on fertility. Diet has become increasingly important in recent years for a number of reasons: the new trend toward a healthy lifestyle, the higher prevalence of certain digestive disorders, a lack of time that leads people to consume more prepared and processed food, and personal choice to not eat meat, among others. To meet these needs, several diets have recently become popular, such as the Mediterranean diet, known as the gold standard of health; the DASH diet, known for preventing hypertension; the Western diet, characterized by processed food; the ketogenic diet, characterized by low carbohydrate intake; and the vegetarian diet, which is the choice for people who do not eat meat or animal by-products. Diets present a unique composition characterized by the presence or absence of specific nutrients, which have also been associated with male and female fertility individually. This review assesses the impact of these diets and of macro- and micronutrients on both female and male fertility.

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“…The recommendation for fish oil was made primarily to help reduce hs-CRP and support her overall wellness and conception goals. Reported benefits of fish oil include lowering inflammatory markers (hs-CRP) [48], improving cardiometabolic markers in women with PCOS [49], and increasing fertility rates [50]. Specifically, DHA has also been shown to improve gestation/ reduce preterm birth [51,52], improve infant size [51], decrease adiposity in children of obese mothers [53], and provide benefits for supporting fetal brain development [54].…”

Section: Background and Strengths Of Adjunctive Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrated Gelatinized Proprietary Phenotype Formulation of Lepidium peruvianum (maca) Positively Impacts Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Dysmenorrhea, and Hormone Levels for Fertility Optimization: A Case Report

2024

Gynecol Obstet Open Acc

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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is considered one of the most common endocrine and metabolic issues in premenopausal (fertile/reproductive age) women. Women with PCOS can experience multiple signs and symptoms, including but not limited to unexplained weight gain or the inability to lose weight, obesity, pelvic pain, virilism, hirsutism, acne, menstrual irregularities, insulin resistance, infertility, decreased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), increased luteinizing hormone (LH), imbalanced LH/FSH ratio, and increased anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Multiple root causes of PCOS have been identified, which may present challenges in determining the best clinical care for women. Further, because the diagnostic criterion for PCOS has changed over time, some confusion within the medical community regarding the best therapies for care exists. Additionally, treatment options can vary based on the criterion each patient meets. It is reported that over two-thirds of women with PCOS are seeking alternative care, such as herbal and supplement options. The purpose of this case report is to share the experience of one woman with PCOS using a concentrated gelatinized proprietary phenotype formulation of Lepidium peruvianum (maca), commercially known as MacaHarmony ® , as the primary therapy to address menstrual irregularities, ovulary dysfunction, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), dysmenorrhea, and imbalanced hormones (altered LH/FSH ratio, functionally elevated estradiol, and elevated AMH). In three months, the patient experienced dramatic improvements, including menstrual regularity, enhanced ovulation (improved cervical mucous and libido, decreased ovulatory pain), and decreased length and severity of dysmenorrhea and PMS symptoms (breast tenderness, mood changes). The patient maintained these positive outcomes for over two years. A two-year comparative analysis of labs showed improved LH/FSH ratio and estradiol levels, providing optimized hormonal balance and thereby enhanced fertility potential. In addition, several cardiometabolic markers (glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides) were improved. These improvements may serve as the basis for future research into how specific maca phenotypes or combinations of maca phenotypes, when gelatinized and concentrated, can assist women with PCOS and enhance fertility outcomes.

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Omega-3 supplementation in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – a review of clinical trials and cohort

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects

Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects

Do Popular Diets Impact Fertility?

Concentrated Gelatinized Proprietary Phenotype Formulation of Lepidium peruvianum (maca) Positively Impacts Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Dysmenorrhea, and Hormone Levels for Fertility Optimization: A Case Report

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