“…Interestingly, illumination via a grating nanostructure has also been employed in fields including optical communications, displays, and imaging systems. For example, visualization through a grating polarizer or pixelated polarizer array provides the orientation direction information on the reflected plane of an object, , eliminates reflections and glare on smooth surfaces, , enhances the contrast of scratches and stains, and helps in analyzing the distortion due to mechanical stress in transparent objects. Additionally, when incorporated with various optical stacks and arrangements, the grating polarizer has realized a dual-view three-dimensional display from one display panel , and a snapshot multispectral camera. , Apart from the pure polarization property at visible light wavelengths with a grating period of smaller than 200 nm, wire grid grating nanostructures have been reported in applications for their additional wavelength selection capability that varies with the grating period, incident angle, and nanostructure materials, including a single metal layer made of silver (Ag), gold (Au), or aluminum (Al) and a sandwich stack of dielectrics and metals. ,− …”