We characterize the weights for the Stieltjes transform and the Calderón operator to be bounded on the weighted variable Lebesgue spaces L p(·) w (0, ∞), assuming that the exponent function p(·) is log-Hölder continuous at the origin and at infinity. We obtain a single Muckenhoupt-type condition by means of a maximal operator defined with respect to the basis of intervalsOur results extend those in [18] for the constant exponent L p spaces with weights. We also give two applications: the first is a weighted version of Hilbert's inequality on variable Lebesgue spaces, and the second generalizes the results in [42] for integral operators to the variable exponent setting.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 42B25; Secondary 26D15, 42B35.