A gradient-holonomic approach for the Lax type integrability analysis of differentialdiscrete dynamical systems is described. The asymptotical solutions to the related Lax equation are studied, the related gradient identity subject to its relationship to a suitable Lax type spectral problem is analyzed in detail. The integrability of the discrete nonlinear Schrödinger, Ragnisco-Tu and Burgers-Riemann type dynamical systems is treated, in particular, their conservation laws, compatible Poissonian structures and discrete Lax type spectral problems are obtained within the gradient-holonomic approach.
Preliminary notions and definitionsConsider an infinite dimensional discrete manifold M ⊂ l 2 (Z; C m ) for some integer m ∈ Z + and a general nonlinear dynamical system on it in the formwhere w ∈ M and K : M → T (M ) is a Frechet smooth nonlinear local functional on M and t ∈ R is the evolution parameter. As examples of dynamical systems (1.1) on a discrete manifold M ⊂ l 2 (Z; C 2 ) one can consider the well-known [5, 11] discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equationthe so called Ragnisco-Tu [26] equationwhere we put w := (u, v) ⊺ ∈ M, and the inviscid Riemann-Burgers equation [20] on a discrete manifold M ⊂ l 2 (Z; R) :(1.4) dw n /dt = w n (w n+1 − w n−1 )/2 := K n [w]and its Riemann type [31,29] generalizations, where w ∈ M, having applications [9] in diverse physics investigations. For studying the integrability properties of differential-difference dynamical system (1.1) we will develop below a gradient-holonomic scheme before devised in [6,15,13,7] for nonlinear dynamical systems defined on spatially one-dimensional functional manifolds and extended in [12] on the case of discrete manifolds.Denote by (·, ·) the standard bi-linear form on the space T * (M ) × T (M ) naturally induced by that existing in the Hilbert space l 2 (Z; C m ). Having denoted by D(M ) smooth functionals on M, for any functional γ ∈ D(M ) one can define the gradient grad γ[w] ∈ T * (M ) as follows:(1.5) grad γ[w] := γ ′, * [w] · 1, where the dash-sign " ′ " means the corresponding Frechet derivative and the star-sign " * " means the conjugation naturally related with the bracket on T * (M ) × T (M ).