On acetolysis resistant structures in the Orchidaceae— why fossil record of orchid pollen is so rare

Wolter, Martin; Schill, Rainer

doi:10.1080/00173138509431001

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…borealis and Odontoglossum bictoniense results in the "normal" reaction to acetolysis. There might be an aging process in acetolysis resistance, as Wolter & Schill (1985) show in pictures of acetolysis resistant exines from Doritis pulcherrima.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The next step before anthesis is the degeneration of the tapetum, which occurs all over the anthers and shows no polarity. One specialized region of the tapetum shows a remarkably different behavior and is active in the formation of elastoviscin (Dressler 1981, Schill & Wolter 1985). Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of its specific properties this substance was named "elastoviscin" by Dressler (1981: 55), due to differences to the true viscin threads which occur only in Ericaceae, Onagraceae, and Caesalpinaceae (Skvarla et al 1978, Cruden & Jensen 1979, Hesse 1980. The ontogeny of elastoviscin is shown by Schill & Wolter (1985). There is evidence for a high degree of relationship between elastoviscin and pollenkitt in chemical composition, staining properties, and time of synthesis (Schill & Wolter 1986).…”

Section: Elastoviscinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ontogeny of pollinia and elastoviscin in the anther of Doritis pulcherrima (Orchidaceae)

Wolter¹,

Seuffert

Schill

1988

Nordic Journal of Botany

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R. 1988. The ontogeny of pollinia and elastoviscin in the anther of Doritis pulscherrima (Orchidaceae). -Nord. J. Bot. 8: 77-88. Copenhagen. ISSN 0107-055X.The ontogeny of pollinia of Doritis pulcherrima shows some features not commonly found in other angiosperms. The cell wails of the mature pollinium are almost identical with those of the pollen mother cells, and a callose envelope is lacking during the formation of sporopollenin. This fact may be related to the absence of a clear substructure of the exine and its low resistance to acetolysis. An exine is found only at the outer tetrads of the pollinium. The pollen grains in the tetrads possess irregularly spaced cell walls. The ontogeny of elastoviscin (specialized pollenkitt) begins in the ground cytoplasm of some tapetal cells, where small droplets are surrounded by myelin-like structures. Before anthesis the droplets fuse, flow into the loculus, and attach the pollinia to the stipe, thus forming a pollinarium. In the region in front of the elastoviscin-producing cells, some cells with specialized helical wall thickenings develop. C. Seuffert and R. Schill, Insr. furSyst. Boranik und Pflanzengeographie der Univ. Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 0-6900 Heidelberg, FRG. -M . Wolter, Boranisches Inst. und Botanischer Garren der Univ. Bonn, Meckenheimer Alee 170, 0-5300 Bonn, FRG. Q NORDIC JOURNAL OF BOTANY NORD J. BOT. 8: 77-88. STRUCT 073 Nord J . Bot. 8 ( I ) (1988) Nord J . Bot. X ( 1 ) ( I Y X X )

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Elastoviscinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ontogeny of pollinia and elastoviscin in the anther of Doritis pulcherrima (Orchidaceae)

Wolter¹,

Seuffert

Schill

1988

Nordic Journal of Botany

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“…Before Wolter & Schill 1985, Hesse & Waha 1989. But under exceptionally good conditions even the extremely delicate pollen of Lauraceae can be well-preserved (Herendeen et al 1994).…”

Section: Spathiphyllum Dracunculusmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pollen walls of Araceae, with special reference to their fossilization potential

Hesse¹,

Weber²,

Halbritter³

1999

Grana

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M. 1999. Pollen walls of Araceae, with special reference to their fossilization potential. ± Grana 38: 203±209. ISSN 0017-3134.Araceae, a basal monocot family, has a very poor fossil record, especially with regard to pollen grains. An ultrastructural study of Araceae pollen walls was undertaken to answer the questions: which pollen is resistant to decay and will appear in the fossil record? and which pollen has a smaller fossilization potential and why? The wall strata of Araceae pollen differ in morphology and chemical composition. Only a minority of all Araceae pollen grains has the``conventional'' type of exine architecture consisting of an acetolysis-resistant ektexine upon a generally thin, but ratherspongy endexine. Pollen grains with this type of exine have a high fossilization potential and should be found unmodi®ed in the fossil record. In contrast, the majority of Araceae pollen has a strikingly different, newly discovered exine architecture: a thick, spongy, acetolysis-resistant endexine is covered by an outer stratum, which either may or may not be resistant to acetolysis. We conclude from these features that the potential for fossilization is greatly reduced. Moreover, pollen remnants, if at all preserved, should be found in a highly modi®ed form.

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“…(2) their distribution is scattered, not crowded like weeds; (3) their pollen, especially if the PDU is a pollinium, produces loose and disorganized fossil debris (Wolter and Schill, 1985a). Only orchids with monads and tetrads can leave fossils resembling the original pollen, but they are similar to those of other monocots (Zavada, 1983).…”

Section: Pdu and Fossil Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, X

Kull¹,

Arditti²,

Wong³

2009

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On acetolysis resistant structures in the Orchidaceae— why fossil record of orchid pollen is so rare

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

The ontogeny of pollinia and elastoviscin in the anther of Doritis pulcherrima (Orchidaceae)

The ontogeny of pollinia and elastoviscin in the anther of Doritis pulcherrima (Orchidaceae)

Pollen walls of Araceae, with special reference to their fossilization potential

Orchid Biology: Reviews and Perspectives, X

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