On Congestion Control for Interactive Real-time Applications in Dynamic Heterogeneous 4G Networks

Abstract

Real-time multimedia applications, such as VoIP, video conferencing or on-line gaming are key applications to the success of 4G. In today's Internet these applications are not subject to congestion control, therefore the growth of popularity of these applications may endanger the stability of the Internet. On the other hand, 4G networks will be much more dynamic due to mobility and multi-homing, and the network conditions may vary abruptly requiring a fast response from the control mechanism. In this article we compare the feedback-based to the reservation-based congestion control approach and focus on the first one, by evaluating some mechanisms with respect to Media Friendliness, Scalability and Dynamic Behaviour. We also present a set of requirements for the ideal congestion control mechanism of real-time flows in 4G networks.

Explicit Congestion Control Algorithms for Time Varying Capacity Media

“…However, TFRC will struggle when network conditions vary rapidly such as when vertical handovers occur, as seen in [35] and [36]. It has also been reported [37], [38] that TFRC may fail to mirror Reno's throughput if certain conditions are observed.…”

A Novel Mechanism on Network Selection for Fourth Generation Communication Networks

“…The disciplines most involved in game theory are mathematics, economics and the other social and behavioral sciences. [12] Game Theory has been extensively used in networking research as a theoretical decisionmaking framework, i.e., for routing, congestion control [15] resource sharing etc. The Network Selection [3,6] decision may benefit from such a theoretical framework that considers decision-making, interacting entities.…”

“…Finally a mechanism is implemented to select a best network from a heterogeneous network combining any number of networks. By using this network selection mechanism efficiently, a relatively congestion [15] free best connected [16] networking system can always be possible in 4G. Most importantly, a network provider's main view is to improve the QoS for the consumers.…”

Congestion Control in 4G Wireless Networks Using Coalition Game

“…In the paper [1] authors have compared the feedbackbased to the reservation-based congestion control approach. The performance comparison made by evaluating some mechanisms with respect to Media Friendliness, Scalability and Dynamic Behavior.…”

“…Definition: A collection of coalitions, denoted S, is defined as the set S={S 1 In this paper, we investigate the problem of congestion management in a heterogeneous network environment by using cooperative games. Formulating the problem as a cooperative game allows individual networks to cooperate with each other by forming coalitions.…”