On-Demand Opioid Effect Reversal with an Injectable Light-Triggered Polymer-Naloxone Conjugate

Abstract

Misuse of opioids can lead to a potential lethal overdose. Timely administration of naloxone is critical for survival. Here, we designed a polymer−naloxone conjugate that can provide on-demand phototriggered opioid reversal. Naloxone was attached to the polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) via a photocleavable coumarin linkage and formulated as injectable nanoparticles. In the absence of irradiation, the formulation did not release naloxone. Upon irradiation with blue (400 nm) light, the nanoparticles released free naloxone, reversing the effect of morphine in mice. Such triggered events could be performed days and weeks after the initial administration of the nanoparticles and could be performed repeatedly.

Nanotechnology-Enhanced Naloxone and Alternative Treatments for Opioid Addiction

“…Histological examination showed mild to moderate inflammation with increased number of lymphocytes and macrophages. However, these inflammatory responses decreased after 14 days of treatment …”

“…However, these inflammatory responses decreased after 14 days of treatment. 43 Kolber and co-workers 44 have studied the effects of prior developed Nal-cNP 28 on POW symptoms in a morphinedependent mouse model. Nal-cNP demonstrated the ability to provide extended-release effects lasting several days.…”