On Deploying the Internet of Energy with 5G Open RAN Technology including Beamforming Mechanism

Abstract

The Internet of Energy is the deployment of IoT technology within energy systems (including distributed power monitoring and measuring points, energy plant sensors, points of distribution) to increase the efficiency of the whole infrastructure while decreasing energy waste. Due to criticality and the extension of the Internet of Energy, it needs an underlying network with vast coverage and high-efficiency parameters. In this paper, we argue that the 5G network is suitable for the Internet of Energy and present a concrete 5G implementation based on Open RAN that may gain in flexibility while reducing costs. In our simulations, we model and validate beamforming mechanism in Open RAN 5G and show that beamforming may achieve high-efficiency parameters that the Internet of Energy requires.

Open Radio Access Networks for Smart IoT Systems: State of Art and Future Directions

“…For example, Mongay et al [61] presented 5G as a promising enabler of smart energy systems and supported that with an O-RAN-based beamforming case study. Similarly, Kundacina et al [85] proposed how 5G will support the next generation's smart distributed state estimation of PMU-based WAMS in near-real-time.…”

“…Reliable communication (Y 1 ): It entails the achievement of reliable, optimized, and secure communication infrastructure for seamless connectivity and data exchange within and between these systems by addressing challenges related to latency, bandwidth, privacy, authentication protocols, interference, etc. For example, V2X communication represents optimal transmission latency [60], IoE beamforming represents optimized interference in the transmission medium [61], and telemedicine represents optimum end-to-end healthcare service delivery [62].…”

A Survey on Handover and Mobility Management in 5G HetNets: Current State, Challenges, and Future Directions

“…One of the benefits of beamforming in 5G is its ability to dynamically adjust the beam direction in real-time to adapt to changing environments, such as user device mobility. This feature helps to ensure a reliable and steady connection, even when the user device is on the move [63][64][65][66][67].…”

“…The deployment of various 5G key technologies for enhancing performance and fulfilling the demand of future wireless communication systems are discussed in several works [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]65,66,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][76][77][78] and are shown in Figure 4. The integration of UD-HetNet with 5G key technologies and their respective achievements are presented in Table 3.…”

Open Radio Access Network challenges for Next Generation Mobile Network

“…Network operations management, proper hardware-software selection, and continuous monitoring of app-level services are some of the fundamental decisions that contribute to improved QoS [28]. One of the challenges in the Open RAN system is identifying front-haul open interface (connection between O-DU and O-RU) requirements to achieve ultra-low latency [29]. Another challenge is the placement of functionalities in the network ecosystem [2], [15] and scalability [30] to achieve better performance.…”