On durational correlates of word stress in Finnish

Suomi, Kari; Ylitalo, Riikka

doi:10.1016/s0095-4470(03)00005-6

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Long vowels were longer in both primary stressed and secondary stressed syllables relative to unstressed syllables. The asymmetric lengthening of long but not short vowels accords with results for Finnish (Lehtonen 1970, Suomi andYlitalo 2004), although the Ingrian data differs from results from standard Finnish (Lehtonen 1970, Suomi and Ylitalo 2004, Suomi 2005) in failing to displaying lengthening of codas, either voiced or voiceless, in stressed syllables. Suomi and Ylitalo (2004), Suomi (2005), and Suomi et al (2007) interpret the lengthening of long vowels and coda consonants in stressed syllables as lengthening of the second mora, The lengthening of long but not short vowels plausibly also has a functional explanation: long vowels are free to lengthen without disturbing a phonemic contrast in duration whereas short vowels could infringe on the durational space of phonemic long vowels if they were to lengthen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Gordon (1997) replicates Lehiste's finding on primary stressed onset lengthening in his study of Estonian and also found that most reliable acoustic correlate to secondary stress in Estonian was the lengthening of the onset consonant. Lehtonen (1970), Suomi and Ylitalo (2004), and Suomi (2005) find that coda consonants in primary stressed syllables are also lengthened in Finnish, but that this lengthening is limited to voiced codas.…”

Section: Effects Of Stress On Consonant Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prominence and Gemination in Ingrian

Gordon¹

2009

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This paper reports results of an acoustic study of stress and length patterns in Ingrian, a Finnic language closely related to Finnish. Primary stressed syllables were found to have higher fundamental frequency than both secondary stressed and unstressed syllables.Intensity and duration played a limited role in signaling stress. In keeping with published descriptions, consonants preceding a long vowel in the second syllable of the primary stress foot were lengthened. The lengthening effect was greater in consonants targeted by the process of primary gemination (yleisgeminaatio), i.e. those in CVCVV feet in disyllabic words, than those affected by other gemination phenomena applying in Ingrian.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Effects Of Stress On Consonant Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prominence and Gemination in Ingrian

Gordon¹

2009

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“…In terms of the fundamental duration equation (6), CVCVV longer than CVVCV requires that the average value of the (varying) syllable coefficient c SYLL must be greater for the first mora than for the third. This corresponds reasonably well with the conclusion of Suomi and Ylitalo (2004) that in a Finnish foot the "first two mora are lengthened." Note that if all other coefficients are held constant, then the first syllable (or mora) of CVCVV will also be longer than the last syllable of CVVCV, which actually is the case.…”

Section: An Example: Why Is Finnish Cvvcv Shorter Than Cvcvv?supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Other researchers have reported very similar data for these structures (eg. Suomi and Ylitalo 2004).…”

Section: An Example: Why Is Finnish Cvvcv Shorter Than Cvcvv?mentioning

confidence: 99%

18. Coupled oscillator model for speech timing: overview and examples 179

Vainio¹,

Aulanko²,

Aaltonen³

Nordic Prosody

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The present article is intended to sum up the past ten years of our research concerning the timing of speech and the development of a coupled oscillator model (COM) for speech timing. This enterprise started with our paper (O'Dell and Nieminen 1998) presented at the 1998 Finnic Phonetics symposium in Pärnu-the first of the series to be held in Estonia-and has since continued through several conferences and conference papers.Our initial focus Nieminen 1998, 1999) was on the so-called rhythm dichotomy (Pike 1945) and particularly Eriksson's (1991) re-interpretation of it. Eriksson had noted that in both stress-timed and syllable-timed languages, a simple linear relation holds between the duration of the stress group and the number of the syllables in it, the only difference being in the constant term of the linear regression equation (y-intercept). This intriguing observation provides simple mathematical tools with which to describe the classic rhythm dichotomy and we proposed the COM as a possible explanation of the observed mathematical relation.Later, we have expanded the scope of the model and applied it to additional data and other types of timing phenomenon (O'Dell and Nieminen 2001, 2002a,b, 2006. Most recently we have been developing statistical tools to account for rhythmic variation in spontaneous speech (O'Dell et al. 2007(O'Dell et al. , 2008.In the following we first present, in Section 2, a brief introduction to the terminology and the basic concepts of the COM. We also discuss its relationship both to dynamical systems theory, this being the general (i.e. not speech-specific) point of view, and to the phonetic study of speech in particular. In later sections, applications of the model are presented mainly from our own studies but partly taken from studies conducted by other researchers in the field: Section 3 describes the interaction of speech units at different levels, Section 4 deals with intralevel effects, and Section 5 provides an example of applying the model to a specific case.

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“…This has been supported by evidence of vowel and/or consonant shortening in various languages (e.g., F. Al-Tamimi [2004] Hassan (2003) and Ghalib (1984) on Iraqi Arabic, Hansen (2003) on Persian, Homma (1981) on Japanese, Lahiri and Hankamer (1988) on Bengali and Turkish, McKay (1980) on Rembarrnga, and Tserdanelis and Arvaniti (2001) on Cypriot Greek. In languages like Persian (Hansen 2003), Finnish (Suomi and Ylitalo 2004), and Japanese (Idemaru and Guion 2008;Kingston et al 2009), the preceding vowel has actually been reported to be longer when preceding geminates than when preceding singletons. Due to the conflicting results regarding the role of preceding vowel length, the major cue for singleton and geminate distinction remains the duration of the consonant itself (Lahiri and Hankamer 1988;Esposito and Di Benedetto 1999;Arvaniti and Tserdanelis 2000;Ham 2001;Ladd and Scobbie 2004;Idemaru and Guion 2008;Ridouane 2010) or the ratio of the consonant to the preceding vowel (Pind 1999;Hansen 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geminate timing in Lebanese Arabic: the relationship between phonetic timing and phonological structure

Khattab

Al-Tamimi

2014

Laboratory Phonology

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This study investigates medial gemination patterns in Lebanese Arabic (LA). It offers an account of the duration patterns of quantity distinction for vowels and consonants in LA by using the most comprehensive dataset for this variety, and for Arabic in general, so far in terms of the number of speakers (20), the consonant types examined (24), the inspection of vowels preceding and following the consonant in durational analyses, and the inclusion of male and female speakers. The main aim is to show correspondence between phonetic timing in LA and phonological accounts of syllabic structure that are based on moraic weight (Hayes 1989;Broselow 1995;McCarthy and Prince 1995). The study extends predictions of mora-sharing in disyllables with medial clusters that are preceded by a long vowel (e.g., /ˈmaal.ħa/ 'salty-FEM-SG') to comparable syllables with a medial geminate (e.g., /ˈmaal.la/ 'bored-FEM-SG'), which have not been investigated in Arabic before. It shows that vowel shortening preceding medial geminates affects phonologically long but not short vowels, downplaying the commonly referred to closed-syllable shortening effect as the main reason for this phenomenon (Maddieson 1997). Instead, an account based on the interface between phonetic and phonological effects on compensatory vowel shortening offers better predictions.

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On durational correlates of word stress in Finnish

Cited by 54 publications

References 5 publications

Prominence and Gemination in Ingrian

Prominence and Gemination in Ingrian

18. Coupled oscillator model for speech timing: overview and examples 179

Geminate timing in Lebanese Arabic: the relationship between phonetic timing and phonological structure

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