On enabling cooperative communication and diversity combination in IEEE 802.15.4 wireless networks using off-the-shelf sensor motes

Abstract

This paper presents the 'Generalized Poor Man's SIMO System' (gPMSS) which combines two approaches, cooperative communication and diversity combination, to reduce packet losses over links in wireless sensor networks. The proposed gPMSS is distinct from previous cooperative communication architectures in wireless sensor networks which rely on a relay channel, and also distinct from implementations in 802.11 networks that require a wired infrastructure or hardware changes for cooperation. gPMSS foregoes the need for any changes to mote hardware and it works within the current IEEE 802.15.4 standard. We describe the gPMSS protocol that governs the cooperation between receivers. Three variants are evaluated including selection diversity, equal gain and maximal ratio combining. First, we demonstrate gPMSS on bit error traces in a fully reproducible manner. This is followed by an implementation of gPMSS in C# on the .NET Micro Framework edition of the recently released Imote2 mote platform. We demonstrate by means of experiments an increase in the packet reception rate from 22-30% to 73-76%, a relative increase of 150-245%. We also analyzed the power consumed by the transmitter per delivered packet and observe a reduction of up to 68%. We also take into account the retry limit of the IEEE 802.15.4 protocol and demonstrate that gPMSS is able to provide 99% packet delivery at the protocol's default retry parameters against 65-75% without it.

An Analytical Model of the Small World Effect in D2D Wireless Networks

“…The third solution is dubbed the 'Poor man's SIMO system' (PMSS). Ilyas et al [39] describe the gPMSS and how three well-known diversity combination techniques are adopted for use in a network of off-the-shelf IEEE 802.15.4 devices. The diversity combination techniques are derivatives of diversity combining methods for analog signals (see [40]).…”

“…Instead, it relies on receiver side cooperation between a group of motes to form a SIMO system. Ilyas et al [39] describe an efficient PMSS protocol through which information sharing between motes is enabled. This way cooperation reduces losses and retransmissions while increasing throughput and channel utilization.…”

Integrated Wireless Technologies with Computer for Industrial Machinery Fault Diagnosis: Challenges Comparison and Characteristics: A Review

“…O'Rourke and Brennan [10], interested in packet optimization of standard 802.15.4 to enhance WSN communications performance. In another research [11] author setup a number of IEEE 802.11.4 nodes, which are capable to receive the information from the one source in the wireless network, whenever a copy of packet from other nodes (receivers) is requested, if the data packet do not decode from one of the nodes (receivers). In short message or not big data the IEEE 802.11.4 standard is more convenient for IWSN.…”

An Energy-Efficient Transmission Scheme for Real-Time Data in Wireless Sensor Networks

“…However, because these cooperative MAC protocols do not consider cooperative communications in networks configured in a star topology, they can’t set the relay path between slave devices. In [28], authors proposed a protocol-centric approach to enable receiver cooperation and diversity combining without requiring any changes to mote hardware or the IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN standard. However, this protocol only considers the peer-to-peer topology without a coordinator that manages the network.…”