On energy coefficients and ratios

Nguyen, The‐Hiep

doi:10.1016/0140-9883(84)90024-0

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A number of studies in both developed (Nordhaus. 1977;as cited in Zilberfarb and Adams, 1981;Akarca and Long, 1980;Nguyen. 1984;Yu and Hwang, 1984;Ang, 1987) and developing countries (Zilberfarb and Adams, 1981;Dunkerley, 1982;Desai, 1986;Ang, 1987) have attempted to verify this hypothesis.…”

Section: Energy Consumption and Economic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy consumption and economic growth in Africa: a cross‐national analysis

Arimah

1994

OPEC Review

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Section: Energy Consumption and Economic Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…See Dunkerley (1982). Desai (1986) and Pearson (1987) for detailed income elasticity estimates for developing countries; and Akarca and Long (1980) and Nguyen (1984) for estimates for developed countries.…”

Section: Saps In Africa Emphasized Institutional Reforms In the Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy consumption and economic growth in Africa: a cross‐national analysis

Arimah

1994

OPEC Review

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“…The famous study of the EMF (1981) imposes unitary income elasticities for the aggregate economy. Ramain (1985) emphasizes the fragility of forecasts based upon such estimated relationships, while Nguyen (1984) refers to the lack of consensus from such studies. Plourde and Ryan (1985) criticize the double-log specification which is still used in many aggregate energy demand studies (see, for example, Donatos and Mergos (1989), Welsch (1989)).…”

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confidence: 99%

Do income elasticities of energy demand depend on the level of economic growth? A sensitivity test for OECD countries

Brennand

Walker

1990

OPEC Review

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ANALYSES OF ENERGY DEMAND have invariably concentrated upon the estimation of key relationships, expressed as elasticities. There are two approaches to the calculation of income elasticities. The first, which we shall refer to as the engineering approach, measures income elasticity as the ratio of energy growth to gross domestic product growth; the energy demand studies canied out under this approach would place the emphasis on the dependence of energy demand on income. The second, which we shall refer to as the economic approach, would define the income elasticity on the hypothetical (ceteris paribus) marginal increase in energy demand, if the income (and income only) would change by, say, one per cent.The degree of sophistication applied to such studies has increased markedly over recent years. Thus, where earlier papers may have concentrated upon simple log-linear relationships, implying constant elasticities over the entire sample period, later attempts allow estimated parameters to move over time; see, for example, Kouris (1981), Bopp (1984), Abodunde et a1 (1985). Regardless of tests that are made concerning movements in elasticity over time, there is usually an implicit or explicit assumption that there exists a unique elasticity applicable to each explanatory variable at each mint in time. The classic test for changing parameters over time has concerned the nature of the link between income and energy demand, which appears to have changed following the 1970s' oil price adjustments. Elasticity is a dynamic marginal concept, in contrast to the energy demand/GDP ratio which is a static average concept. The argument developed below suggests that the level of growth of explanatory variables in that period can itself affect income elasticities. This paper concentrates on tests made for all OECD countries, to check whether such a relationship can be confirmed by the available data. Finally, an attempt is made to establish the implications of the results for other studies and forecasts.

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Dimensions of energy efficiency in a political context

2014

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Energy efficiency is widely accepted as a simple and cost-effective way to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. It is accordingly a corner stone of European energy and climate policies. However, in formulation of explicit political energy efficiency goals as well as in monitoring these targets, discussions arise both concerning the concrete definition and the measurement. Accordingly, there is a lack of clarification and in-depth discussions of several fundamental aspects or dimensions of measuring energy efficiency, in particular in a political context. Here, we discuss and analyse two aspects of energy efficiency and ways to measure it, namely the formulation of a baseline and the accounting methods, in order to clarify ongoing discussions. We find that both top-down and bottom-up methods contain a series of "adjustment settings" which can strongly influence the degree of energy efficiency target achievement. Additionally, several baselines can be meaningfully defined and used in a political context. We find a factor of 10 or more between different meaningful definitions of energy efficiency easily achievable. Our results indicate that rigorous definitions should be used for formulating and monitoring energy efficiency targets in a political context if exactly the same understanding of target is to be achieved

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On energy coefficients and ratios

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Energy consumption and economic growth in Africa: a cross‐national analysis

Energy consumption and economic growth in Africa: a cross‐national analysis

Do income elasticities of energy demand depend on the level of economic growth? A sensitivity test for OECD countries

Dimensions of energy efficiency in a political context

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