On glyphosate

Kőmíves, Tamás; Schröder, Peter

doi:10.19040/ecocycles.v2i2.60

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The resulting deficit of aromatic amino acids slows protein synthesis and can bring it finally to a halt, leading ultimately to the plant’s death. As chorismic acid also feeds into secondary phenolic pathways, the synthesis of various phenolic compounds and other secondary metabolites from aromatic amino acids is also disrupted (Hoagland and Duke 1982 ; Cole 1985 ; Komives and Schröder 2016 ). This can lead to a lack of defense molecules (e.g., phytoalexins), lignin derivatives, and plant hormones such as salicylic acid (SA) that functions as signal molecule (Dempsey et al 2011 ) and thus compromises pathogen defense of treated plants (Johal and Huber 2009 ).…”

Section: Modes Of Action Of Glyphosatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent research, however, has raised concerns that glyphosate may be more harmful to animals and humans than previously expected (e.g., Myers et al 2016 ). Glyphosate is also known as a potent chelator for minerals, a property that has been observed decades ago (Toy and Uhing 1964 ), even before the herbicidal effect of glyphosate was discovered (Komives and Schröder 2016 ). If glyphosate, in fact, binds essential minerals effectively, its application could lead to an undersupply of minerals that are essential co-factors in many biological processes in treated plants and potentially also in organisms feeding on such plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?

Mertens

Höss

Neumann

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

167

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Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), consisting of glyphosate and formulants, are the most frequently applied herbicides worldwide. The declared active ingredient glyphosate does not only inhibit the EPSPS but is also a chelating agent that binds macro- and micronutrients, essential for many plant processes and pathogen resistance. GBH treatment may thus impede uptake and availability of macro- and micronutrients in plants. The present study investigated whether this characteristic of glyphosate could contribute to adverse effects of GBH application in the environment and to human health. According to the results, it has not been fully elucidated whether the chelating activity of glyphosate contributes to the toxic effects on plants and potentially on plant–microorganism interactions, e.g., nitrogen fixation of leguminous plants. It is also still open whether the chelating property of glyphosate is involved in the toxic effects on organisms other than plants, described in many papers. By changing the availability of essential as well as toxic metals that are bound to soil particles, the herbicide might also impact soil life, although the occurrence of natural chelators with considerably higher chelating potentials makes an additional impact of glyphosate for most metals less likely. Further research should elucidate the role of glyphosate (and GBH) as a chelator, in particular, as this is a non-specific property potentially affecting many organisms and processes. In the process of reevaluation of glyphosate its chelating activity has hardly been discussed.

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Section: Modes Of Action Of Glyphosatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?

Mertens

Höss

Neumann

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Roundup is a powerful herbicide due to its action in the shikimate pathway targeting the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS), a production pathway of essential aminoacids, such as tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine [8,9]. The shikimate pathway only exists in plants, bacteria and some fungi, which may explain the reported low toxicity in mammals (LD 50 >4g/kg in humans).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate-based herbicides at low doses affect canonical pathways in estrogen positive and negative breast cancer cell lines

et al. 2019

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Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide that is used worldwide. It represents a potential harm to surface water, and when commercially mixed with surfactants, its uptake is greatly magnified. The most well-known glyphosate-based product is Roundup. This herbicide is potentially an endocrine disruptor and many studies have shown the cytotoxicity potential of glyphosate-based herbicides. In breast cancer (BC) cell lines it has been demonstrated that glyphosate can induce cellular proliferation via estrogen receptors. Therefore, we aimed to identify gene expression changes in ER+ and ER- BC cell lines treated with Roundup and AMPA, to address changes in canonical pathways that would be related or not with the ER pathway, which we believe could interfere with cell proliferation. Using the Human Transcriptome Arrays 2.0, we identified gene expression changes in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 exposed to low concentrations and short exposure time to Roundup Original and AMPA. The results showed that at low concentration (0.05% Roundup) and short exposure (48h), both cell lines suffered deregulation of 11 canonical pathways, the most important being cell cycle and DNA damage repair pathways. Enrichment analysis showed similar results, except that MDA-MB-468 altered mainly metabolic processes. In contrast, 48h 10mM AMPA showed fewer differentially expressed genes, but also mainly related with metabolic processes. Our findings suggest that Roundup affects survival due to cell cycle deregulation and metabolism changes that may alter mitochondrial oxygen consumption, increase ROS levels, induce hypoxia, damage DNA repair, cause mutation accumulation and ultimately cell death. To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze the effects of Roundup and AMPA on gene expression in triple negative BC cells. Therefore, we conclude that both compounds can cause cellular damage at low doses in a relatively short period of time in these two models, mainly affecting cell cycle and DNA repair.

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“…The glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) is an active ingredient of foliar applied herbicides which have been used intensively worldwide for about 45 years, being the most commercialized type of herbicides today [Komives and Schroder 2016]. Within a glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides exposed plant, the enzymatic action of the shikimate pathway is inhibited, which blocks the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and a variety of essential secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids [Duke et al 2012].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure on Growth and Anthocyanins Content of Radish Seedlings

Grzesiuk¹,

Dębski²,

Oknińska³

et al. 2018

Acta.Sci.Pol.,Hortorum Cultus

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The response of radish seedlings (Raphanus sativus L. subvar. radicula Pers.), as non-target plant, to various doses of glyphosate applied to root zone was studied in the experiment. The glyphosate was used at concentrations 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 mM, and the study was conducted on seedlings grown in hydroponic cultures in controlled light and temperature conditions. In the experiment, roots of seedlings were exposed to glyphosate for 4, 7 or 14 days. In order to evaluate the effect of glyphosate, length and biomass of the seedling organs, as well as contents of anthocyanins in hypocotyls and cotyledons have been measured. Glyphosate applied to root zone had considerably higher impact on the growth of the primary root than shoot of radish seedlings. Short-term exposure to glyphosate led to the stimulation of growth and biomass organs of the radish seedling, but such treatment had no effect on the contents of anthocyanins in the cotyledons and hypocotyl. However, after longer exposure to glyphosate a decrease of anthocyanins content in the hypocotyl and its increase in the cotyledons was noted.

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On glyphosate

Abstract: -This Editorial briefly discusses the current issues surrounding glyphosate -the most controversial pesticide active ingredient of our time. The paper pays special attention to the effects of glyphosate on plant-pathogen interactions.

Cited by 24 publications

References 52 publications

Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?

Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?

Glyphosate-based herbicides at low doses affect canonical pathways in estrogen positive and negative breast cancer cell lines

Effect of Root-Zone Glyphosate Exposure on Growth and Anthocyanins Content of Radish Seedlings

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