On Hemostasis of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

Kuo, Spencer

doi:10.4236/ojem.2018.64012

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In the following, two trials are presented. Two adult swines with blood pressure compatible to that of an adult human being, were used as animal models [38], and the similar trials were repeated on each swine. Each swine was first injected with calmative-stresnil and fastened on a table.…”

Section: Assay Via Animal Model To Demonstrate Caap Hemostasis Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemostasis Efficacy and Mechanism of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

Kuo¹

2021

OJEM

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The capacity of a cold atmospheric-pressure air plasma (CAAP) device for advanced first aid is presented. Using swine as an animal model, two trials: 1) a large, curved cut in hindquarters area and 2) amputation of a front leg, were performed. Cold atmospheric-pressure air plasma effluent, which carries reactive oxygen species (ROS) atomic oxygen (OI), is applied for wound treatments. Swift hemostasis of the wounds by the CAAP treatment was demonstrated. The pressure applied by a finger on the cut arteries in trial 1 and the tourniquet applied in trial 2 could be removed immediately after the treatment and there was no re-bleed in both cases. CAAP hemostasis mechanism was explored via in-vitro tests. The tests on sodium citrate mixed blood-droplet samples show that 1) the heat delivered by the CAAP has no impact on the observed clot formation, 2) plasma effluent activates platelets to promote coagulation state and cascade, and 3) the degree of clotting increases with the total amount of applied OI by means of the CAAP effluent. It took only 16 s of the CAAP treatment to reach full clotting, which was considerably shortened from the natural clotting time of about 25 minutes. The tests on smeared blood samples show that the reduction of the platelet count and the increase of RBC count are proportional to the amount of applied OI. A plausible CAAP hemostasis mechanism is concluded from the in vitro test results and the animal model trials.

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Section: Assay Via Animal Model To Demonstrate Caap Hemostasis Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemostasis Efficacy and Mechanism of Cold Atmospheric Air Plasma

Kuo¹

2021

OJEM

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“…It is reported that the first hour since injury is the “golden time” for rescue lives, and the initial 10 min (so-called platinum ten) is even more precious, during which time the bleeding should be fully controlled so as to ensure survival of the victims. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances on polymeric hydrogels as wound dressings

Pan

2021

APL Bioengineering

109

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Severe hemorrhage is a leading cause of high mortality in critical situations like disaster, accidents, and warfare. The resulting wounds could induce severe physical and psychological trauma to patients and also bring an immense socio-economic burden. Hence, rapid hemostasis and wound healing techniques have become critical initiatives for life-saving treatment. Although traditional methods relying on bandages and gauzes are effective in controlling hemorrhage, they suffer from several limitations: nonbiodegradability, being susceptible to infection, being unsuitable for the irregular wound, secondary tissue damage, and being almost ineffective for wound healing. Owing to the merits of high porosity, good biocompatibility, tunable physicochemical properties, and being beneficial for wound healing, hydrogels with excellent performance have drawn intensive attention and numerous novel effective hydrogel dressings have been widely developed. In this Review, after introducing some commonly used strategies for the synthesis of hydrogels, the most recent progress on polymer-based hydrogels as wound dressings is discussed. Particularly, their hemostasis, antibacterial, and biodegradation properties are introduced. Finally, challenges and future perspectives about the development of hydrogels for wound dressings are outlined.

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