On hydrodynamic methods for the analysis of the sizes and shapes of polysaccharides in dilute solution: A short review

Abstract

Polysaccharides and their derivatives are increasingly being used by the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries: physical properties like size and conformation are important contributors to their performance. Here the use of hydrodynamic tools such as sedimentation velocity, sedimentation equilibrium, size exclusion chromatography -multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS), and viscometry are considered highlighting some recent developments in methodology and the application of these to help better understand polysaccharide structurefunction relationships.

Sulfated polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus reduce H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells

“…The physicochemical properties and structural features of CP, S-CP 1-4 and S-CP [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] According to our previous work, the CP was confirmed to be a kind of glycoprotein [27], including 60.62% total carbohydrate, 7.57% protein and 16.14% uronic acid. After sulfated modification, the significant change could be found in two sulfated derivatives.…”

“…After the reaction was finished, the mixture was neutralized and precipitated with 95% (v/v) ethanol. In the end the precipitate was re-suspended in distilled water, and the solution was dialyzed and freeze-dried to obtain the sulfated polysaccharide S-CP 1-4 and S-CP [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] .…”

“…RAW264.7 cells with density of 1 × 10 6 cells/mL were seeded in 6-well or 96-well plates and cultivated 4 h in an incubator with humidified atmosphere of 5% CO 2 at 37 • C. Cells were exposed to 100 L of culture medium without compound for control group, and to different concentrations (100, 200 and 400 g/mL) of CP, S-CP 1-4 and S-CP [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . For H 2 O 2 group, the cells were cover with isopyknic culture medium.…”

Pullulan and pullulan derivatives as promising biomolecules for drug and gene targeting

“…The segmental mobility of pullulan backbone varies due to increase in mobility of ␣-(1 → 6) linkages centered regions (Dais, 1995;Dais, Vlachou, & Taravel, 2001). Pullulan is water soluble, but it has relatively low viscosity as compared to other polysaccharides (Morris, Adams, & Harding, 2014). The solubility of pullulan can be controlled with reactive groups by chemical derivatization.…”

Some Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Zedo (Farsi) Gum Exudates from Amygdalus scoparia

“…Functional properties exhibited by polysaccharides are dependent on the structure, molecular weight (MW), and concentration. MW is a fundamental characteristic of molecules, which can be measured by techniques like gel electrophoresis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), sedimentation, osmotic pressure, and light scattering (7). In recent years, many researchers have used one of the two latter methods or a combination of them to determine MW parameters (8).…”