On Joint Symbol and Frame Synchronization for Direct-Detection Optical Communication Systems

Lui, G.L.; Tan, Hua

doi:10.1109/tcom.1987.1096739

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It should be noted, as the figure indicates, that because the number of allowed synchronization pattern starting positions is large compared to the length of the synchronization pattern, the detection performances of the correlation and the periodic ML rules are poor even at high SNR. This performance limit is the random data limited (RDL) upper bound for periodic frame synchronization, which is given as [12] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Aperiodically Embedded Synchronization Patterns

Kopansky

Bystrom

2004

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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Synchronization patterns aperiodically embedded in data may result from applications such as transmission of framed data and compression of video. In this work a metric for detection of these patterns is derived. It is assumed that the distribution of the synchronization patterns in the symbol stream is known. By taking advantage of this knowledge, improved synchronization can be realized over traditional correlation with correction. Transmission using BPSK on an AWGN channel is considered first. This derivation is then extended to higher-order modulation schemes, and high-SNR approximations to the exact metrics are derived. Experimental results for BPSK and QPSK signaling are shown. Finally, the effects of inexact knowledge of the channel and a priori probabilities are examined and it is shown that the aperiodic metric is not sensitive to small deviations in the estimates of the channel or the synchronization pattern probabilities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Aperiodically Embedded Synchronization Patterns

Kopansky

Bystrom

2004

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

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“…Note that although the coordination of BSs in the considered network needs high-speed connections between BSs for exchanging information, this is possible in the coordinated multi-point (CoMP) scenarios with cloud radio access networks (C-RANs) and/or remote radio heads (RRHs) [33]. 1 In addition, since the CoMP scenario is envisioned for networks with small cells where large number of low-power devices, e.g., IoT devices, are expected to exist [34], such CoMP scenario consideration for realizing our proposed cell search approach indeed greatly matches our goal in this paper that the overhead of UEs should be offloaded to BSs.…”

Section: Proposed Cell Search Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To conduct the initial cell search, we first need to conduct the time and frequency synchronization. Specifically, the time synchronization includes both symbol time synchronization and frame time synchronization, where the BS and the UE need to work collaboratively on synchronizing their symbol timing and frame timing [1]. Frequency synchronization is to synchronize the carrier frequency between the BS and UE, as the frequency mismatch between them could happen due to the oscillator mismatch, Doppler shift, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Network Resolved and Mobile Assisted Cell Search Method for 5G Cellular Communication Systems

et al. 2022

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When the user equipment (UE) is turned on, it first needs to perform an initial cell search procedure before it can communicate with the base station (BS). However, this procedure must deal with the initial time and frequency synchronization and search for the appropriate home BS for services. In conventional cell search methods, the entire cell search process is carried out on the UE, where the computational requirement can lead to additional overhead and power consumption of the UE. Therefore, aiming to help UEs offloading their overhead to BSs, we in this paper propose a novel cell search method, called Network Resolved and Mobile Assisted Cell Search, which can achieve our goal by letting the BSs be the main performers for deciding the appropriate BSs for connection and letting UEs only be the assistants of the cell search process. The implementation details and analysis of the proposed cell search approach are provided along with the numerical simulations. Results show that our proposed cell search not only can offload the computational overhead, but it also outperforms the conventional code-based cell search approach in terms of the cell search error probability with similar overall network energy consumption.INDEX TERMS initial cell search, cellular systems, multipath division multiple access (MDMA), universal pilot, base station.

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“…Frame synchronization refers to the problem of locating a sync pattern periodically embedded into data and received over a channel (see, e.g., [4], [3], [6], [5]). In [4] Massey considered the situation of binary data transmitted across a white Gaussian noise channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Sequential Frame Synchronization

Chandar

Tchamkerten

Wornell

2008

IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory

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We consider the 'one-shot frame synchronization problem' where a decoder wants to locate a sync pattern at the output of a channel on the basis of sequential observations. We assume that the sync pattern of length N starts being emitted at a random time within some interval of size A, that characterizes the asynchronism level between the transmitter and the receiver. We show that a sequential decoder can optimally locate the sync pattern, i.e., exactly, without delay, and with probability approaching one as N → ∞, if and only if the asynchronism level grows as O(e N α ), with α below the synchronization threshold, a constant that admits a simple expression depending on the channel. This constant is the same as the one that characterizes the limit for reliable asynchronous communication, as was recently reported by the authors. If α exceeds the synchronization threshold, any decoder, sequential or non-sequential, locates the sync pattern with an error that tends to one as N → ∞. Hence, a sequential decoder can locate a sync pattern as well as the (non-sequential) maximum likelihood decoder that operates on the basis of output sequences of maximum length A + N − 1, but with much fewer observations.

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On Joint Symbol and Frame Synchronization for Direct-Detection Optical Communication Systems

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

Detection of Aperiodically Embedded Synchronization Patterns

Detection of Aperiodically Embedded Synchronization Patterns

A Novel Network Resolved and Mobile Assisted Cell Search Method for 5G Cellular Communication Systems

Optimal Sequential Frame Synchronization

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