On Kaufmann's Review of Creativity and Problem‐Solving at Work

Rickards, Tudor

doi:10.1080/10400419209534458

Cited by 33 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Rickards, 1973Rickards, , 1990Rickards and De Cock, 1994) shows a shared belief with Basadur et al, in the efficacy of Parnes-Osborn-type techniques both in training and in direct industrial applications. The specific point being made is that quantity of ideas generated -the conventionally accepted indicator of creative performance -may be an inadequate or incomplete indicator of the quality of ideational outputs within brainstorming-type activities.…”

Section: March 1999mentioning

confidence: 86%

Brainstorming Revisited: A Question of Context

Rickards

1999

Int J Management Reviews

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In its modern format, the technique of brainstorming can be traced to extensive efforts initiated in the 1940s by advertising executive Alex Osborn. His intention was to restructure meetings to overcome inhibitions that block idea generation. The operational mechanisms of the technique support two basic principles of deferral of judgment, and extended idea search. Benefits may extend beyond efficient idea generation, to contributions to team‐building, and creative problem‐solving performance. Many versions of the technique are known, including its individual, electronic, and non‐interactive (nominal) modes. Experimental research has confirmed that nominal groups outperform those in interactive mode for quantity of ideas generated across a range of experimental conditions. The evidence on quality of ideas has been less conclusive. Situational factors have contributed to a lack of generalizibility of results. Field studies have reported a bias in favour of the interactive modes in some cultures, notably North America, and a bias for nominal modes in others. Brainstorming has found use as a supplement to other techniques, particularly as a component within a more comprehensive creative problem‐solving structure. However, carefully researched field studies and comparative analyses have remained scarce to the present time. Within the confines of industrial practice, a combination of techniques often serves to overcome technique selection uncertainties. There is some evidence suggesting that less efficient modes of brainstorming may be associated with higher levels of participant satisfaction. Since the late 1980s, interest has grown in electronically supported brainstorming. Under laboratory conditions, nominal groups have been reconfirmed as outperforming interactive ones, although both modes seem outperformed under specified conditions by electronic support systems, which may represent a third modality of brainstorming. Explanations of the effectiveness reduction have been proposed in terms of production blocking, social loafing, and evaluation apprehension. Another explanation considers effectiveness to be multi‐dimensional, and situationally dependent.

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Section: March 1999mentioning

confidence: 86%

Brainstorming Revisited: A Question of Context

Rickards

1999

Int J Management Reviews

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“…It was observed during the training programmes that the use of 'How to' stem technique (Rickards, 1990), helped the engineers consider various problem frameworks at length before generating solutions. This can bring about a shift to a more thorough consideration of design functions which can ultimately produce more appropriate design solutions.…”

Section: Some Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creativity for Engineering Plant Design: An Exploratory Study

Lordan¹,

Thompson

1994

Creat Innov Manage

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A pilot study of creativity enhancement techniques took place within a large engineering firm in the UK. Exploratory interviews were carried out with professionals in the areas of creativity, mechanical design engineering and management in order to identify informally acquired skills of successful design practice.1 Engineers participated in an introductory one day training programme applying creative techniques to real design problems from the heavy industrial engineering field. Initial feedback on the programme was recorded in addition to impact studies which took place after a ten‐week interval. The impact of the programme was reported during the course of interviews which were complemented with the completion of detailed questionnaires. Results suggest that traditional training programmes for such professionals may need to be modified to become more user‐friendly.

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“…• "Creativity is a process that enables people to discover new and meaningful ideas, it is a universal human characteristic" [27].…”

Section: The Creative Role Of the Engineering Designermentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Creativity in Engineering Design Education

Court¹

1998

European Journal of Engineering Education

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The need for engineering design students to understand that creativity is an important part of their educational development and also for a sound basisfor their future role in industry has been well established. This paper will discuss the foundations of engineering design within this context and highlight the problems confronting students who are required to make a creative input to a design problem and describe a view on how to implement 'creativity' in teaching engineeringdesign through the experiences learnt while undertaking an interdepartmental project. The motivation for this work has arisen from the need to improve a student's ability to think creatively and in the long term, to improve the design of future products. Experiences from teaching creativity within an interdepartmental project will be given.

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On Kaufmann's Review of Creativity and Problem‐Solving at Work

Cited by 33 publications

References 2 publications

Brainstorming Revisited: A Question of Context

Brainstorming Revisited: A Question of Context

Creativity for Engineering Plant Design: An Exploratory Study

Improving Creativity in Engineering Design Education

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