On laboratory bioassays in allelopathy

Inderjit, Inderjit; Dakshini, K. M. M.

doi:10.1007/bf02897150

Cited by 157 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…In general, the preparation of aqueous extracts and subsequent tests of its effects on the germination and growth of target species has been acknowledged as a classic process in the field of allelopathy (Inderjit and Dakshini, 1995). However, there are cases where the allelopathic effect is not only obvious in the germination process, but also in the occurrence of abnormalities, which makes the study of seedling growth a valuable tool in the field of allelopathy (Ferreira and Aquila, 2000).…”

Section: Initial Growth Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS ( Eragrostis plana )

2017

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ISSN 0100-8358 (print) 1806-9681 (online) AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS (Eragrostis plana) Autotoxicidade em Capim-annoni (Eragrostis plana)ABSTRACT -Autotoxicity in tough lovegrass has been analyzed in the field, but has never been tested in allelopathy bioassays. Therefore, this study aimed to verify and compare the autotoxicity of leaves and roots from aqueous extracts of tough lovegrass on its germination and early seedling growth. Extracts of green leaves (GL), senescent leaves (SL), and roots (R) at concentrations of 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 g mL -1 were analyzed on how they affected seed germination and seedling growth. The extracts, regardless of the source or concentration of the material used, have significantly reduced germination percentage, index of germination speed, and root growth of seedlings of tough lovegrass. Effects on mean germination time and shoot length varied according to the origin and concentration of the extracts. GL, at concentrations 0.15 and 0.25 g mL -1 , showed the most damaging effect. In tough lovegrass, autotoxicity is a mechanism that may be involved in the control of germination and plant growth, which could explain the distance between their clumps in the field.Keywords: allelopathy, aqueous extracts, Eragrostis plana, germination. RESUMO -A autotoxicidade no capim-annoni é observada no campo, mas nunca

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Section: Initial Growth Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS ( Eragrostis plana )

2017

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“…Much controversy arises from the use of adequate bioassays, above normal concentrations of inhibitors, or wrong target organisms. Reviews on laboratory bioassays are available by Inderjit and Dakshini (1995) and Inderjit (this issue). Some of the constrains of allelopathy occuning in situ have been discussed recently by Reigosa et al (1999).…”

Section: B Suitable Target Organisms and Impact Of Stressors On Allementioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Gross¹

2003

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

542

355

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Allelopathy in aquatic environments may provide a competitive advantage to angiosperms, algae, or cyanobacteria in their interaction with other primary producers. Allelopathy can influence the competition between different photoautotrophs for resources and change the succession of species, for exarnple, in phytoplankton cornmunities. Field evidence and laboratory studies indicate that allelopathy occurs in all aquatic habitats (marine and freshwater), and that ail prirnary producing organisms (cyanobacteria, micro-and macroalgae as well as angiospenns) are capable of producing and releasing allelopathically active compounds. Although allelopathy also includes positive (stimulating) interactions, the majority of studies describe the inhibitory activity of ailelopathicaily active compounds. Different mechanisms operate depending on whether allelopathy takes place in the Open water (pelagic zone) or is Substrate associated (benthic habitats). Allelopathical interactions are especiaily common in fully aquatic species, such as submersed macrophytes or benthic algae and cyanobacteria. The prevention of shading by epiphytic and planktonic primary producers and the competition for space may be the ultimate cause for allelopathical interactions. Aquatic ailelochemicals often target multiple physiological processes. The inhibition of photosynthesis of competing primary producers seems tobe a frequent mode of action. Multiple biotic and abiotic factors determine the strength of allelopathic interactions. Bacteria associated with the donor or target organism can metabolize excreted aiielochemicals. Frequently, the impact of surplus or limiting nutrients has been shown to affect the overail production of allelochemicals and their effect on target species. Similarities and differences of ailelopathic interactions in marine and freshwater habitats as well as between the different types of producing organisms are discussed.

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“…An aqueous leachate was prepared: 50 g fresh bracken fronds were ground in 500 mL of distilled water and filtered (Inderjit and Dakshini, 1995). Twenty five seeds of each of the 11 species were counted into individual Petri dishes fitted with a filter paper.…”

Section: Laboratory Bioassays Of Leachates On Seed Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon. (Dennstaedtiaceae) on the establishment of rainforest trees

Matos

Belinato

2010

Braz. J. Biol.

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In order to identify the effect of P. arachnoideum, we studied 11 native tree species commonly used in reforestation projects. Bioassays were conducted in laboratory to evaluate the effect of bracken leachate on the germination and morphology of seedlings. Juveniles of some of these species were planted in two adjacent but contrasting areas in relation to the dominance of P. arachnoideum. The evaluation of growth and survivorship was performed after six and twelve months. This study reveals that for some pioneer and secondary trees P. arachnoideum leachate exerted an inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling morphology. Field experiments revealed that pioneers are apparently more resistant to P. arachnoideum leachate than secondary species.Keywords: invasive species, Pteridium arachnoideum, tropical trees, bracken, germination, seedlings. Interferência de Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon. (Dennstaedtiaceae) no estabelecimento de árvores tropicais ResumoNa tentativa de identificar o efeito de P. arachnoideum, estudamos 11 espécies nativas comumente utilizadas em projetos de reflorestamento. Bioensaios foram conduzidos em laboratório para avaliar o efeito do extrato aquoso do samambaião sobre a germinação e morfologia de plântulas. Plantas jovens de algumas destas espécies foram plantadas em duas áreas adjacentes, porém contrastantes em relação à dominância de P. arachnoideum. A avaliação do crescimento e sobrevivência foi realizada após seis e doze meses. Este estudo revela que, para algumas espécies pioneiras e secundárias tropicais, P. arachnoideum exerce um efeito inibidor sobre a germinação de sementes e a morfologia de plântulas. Experimentos de campo mostram que as espécies pioneiras são aparentemente mais resistentes ao P. arachnoideum do que as espécies secundárias.

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On laboratory bioassays in allelopathy

Cited by 157 publications

References 144 publications

AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS ( Eragrostis plana )

AUTOTOXICITY IN TOUGH LOVEGRASS ( Eragrostis plana )

Allelopathy of Aquatic Autotrophs

Interference of Pteridium arachnoideum (Kaulf.) Maxon. (Dennstaedtiaceae) on the establishment of rainforest trees

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