On-line coupling of supercritical fluid extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of explosives in vapour phases

Batlle, Ramón; Carlsson, Håkan; Holmgren, Erik; Colmsjö, Anders; Crescenzi, Carlo

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)00136-x

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In our established platform, two simple three-port valves were used as the interface to couple SFE and 2D-HPLC, and the pump for the first dimensional HPLC separation was also used to remove CO 2 bubbles adsorbed in the trap, which could offer a higher performance-to-cost ratio than the previously reported ones [12][13][14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐line hyphenation of supercritical fluid extraction and two‐dimensional high performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometer for the analysis of Ganoderma lucidum

Zhang

Zhang²,

Duan

et al. 2006

J of Separation Science

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A novel on-line system combining supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography (2D-HPLC) was developed. A trap column and two three-port valves were employed to couple SFE and 2D-HPLC system, which was composed of a CN column and a monolithic silica column, connected by a 10-port dual-position valve. The analytes extracted by supercritical CO2 were completely transferred to the 2D-HPLC system. After separation in two orthogonal modes, the eluents were delivered to APCI-tandem-MS for identification of the samples. In this way, sample preparation, separation, detection, and identification were integrated into an on-line system permitting analysis of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, and at least 73 components in the extract were resolved with calculated peak capacity of up to 1643.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On‐line hyphenation of supercritical fluid extraction and two‐dimensional high performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometer for the analysis of Ganoderma lucidum

Zhang

Zhang²,

Duan

et al. 2006

J of Separation Science

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“…In the literature search on determination of explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX), techniques such as gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (method: EPA 8330) [2,3] (EPA Method 8330 B: Nitroaromatics, Nitramines, and nitrate esters by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), http://www.epa.gov/ solidwaste/hazard/testmethods/pdfs/8330b.pdf, accessed 01 April 2015), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography with electron-capture detection, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, micellar electrokinetic chromatography [4], capillary electrophoresis coupled with Q-trap MS [5], liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [6], liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) [7], liquid chromatography-ulraviolet (LC-UV), and amperometric detection [8] were encountered. Various sample preparation techniques were used for explosive analysis such as solid-liquid extraction (EPA Method 8330 B: Nitroaromatics, Nitramines, and Nitrate Esters by HPLC, http:// www.epa.gov/solidwaste/hazard/testmethods/pdfs/8330b.pdf, accessed 01 April 2015), solid-phase microextraction with on-fiber derivatization [4], solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [9], and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) [10]. Also, Hrobonová et al used online SPE, after extraction of 5 g of soil with 20 mL of water by 30 min sonication [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and simple analysis of trace levels of three explosives in soil by liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry

Avci¹,

Anılanmert²,

Cengi̇z³

2017

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary. The analysis of trace levels of explosives in post-blast debris is critical in homeland security, environmental analysis, and crime scene forensic investigations. A fast and a selective determination method with high recovery was developed for the common explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) in soil, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). An easy and practical sample preparation method was developed using 4.00 mL acidified acetone with 0.25% HCl. After the easy evaporation of acetone extract, 10 min LC-MS/MS analysis provided a clear separation in column. Short duration of the whole procedure allows the use of this method in routine analysis. As a result of the analysis performed in spiked soils in 50.0, 100.0, and 250.0 ng g −1 concentrations, high recoveries such as 100.4 (±8.8)% for RDX, 96.9 (±10.5)% for HMX, and 97.6 (±13.9)% for TNT were obtained. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values obtained from the analysis of the spiked soils were 4.3 ng g −1 and 7.00 ng g −1 for RDX, 6.8 ng g −1 and 10.0 ng g −1 for HMX, and 18.9 ng g −1 and 38.0 ng g −1 for TNT, respectively. The Horwitz Ratio (HorRat) calculation was used to evaluate if the inter-day and inter-analyst precisions were in the acceptable limits. The method was successfully applied to three artificial explosion samples for detection of explosives.

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“…Various screening and/or quantitation methods with different sensitivity levels as ion mobility spectrometry, 1 colorimetric methods, presented here. 15,[17][18][19][20] Various extraction methods, such as SPE, 18,21-24 SPME, 25 SFE, 26,27 are used in the literature. A large volume and sample is required for some of these techniques and multi-step procedures lead to a loss of analyte.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fast Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometric Analysis of PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate), RDX (3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane) and HMX (Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) in Soil, Utilizing a Simple Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction with Minimum Solvent

et al. 2016

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On-line coupling of supercritical fluid extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of explosives in vapour phases

Cited by 58 publications

References 42 publications

On‐line hyphenation of supercritical fluid extraction and two‐dimensional high performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometer for the analysis of Ganoderma lucidum

On‐line hyphenation of supercritical fluid extraction and two‐dimensional high performance liquid chromatography‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometer for the analysis of Ganoderma lucidum

Rapid and simple analysis of trace levels of three explosives in soil by liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry

A Fast Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometric Analysis of PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate), RDX (3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane) and HMX (Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) in Soil, Utilizing a Simple Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction with Minimum Solvent

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