On-line pre-concentration of refractory elements for atomiser, source, inductively coupled plasmas in atomic fluorescence spectrometry (ASIA)

Flow injection on-line preconcentration and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese and zinc in sea-water

“…In spite of the improvements in sensitivity due to modern analytical detection systems, conventional separation techniques, such as precipitation, distillation, liquid-liquid extraction, ion exchange and dialysis, are frequently used to overcome interferences from matrix elements and to improve detection limits through preconcentration of the analyte. 1,2 Manually operated separation and preconcentration procedures are tedious and time consuming. Most importantly, they are susceptible to unexpected contamination problems.…”

Atomic spectrometric detectors for flow-injection analysis

“…The acidic form of this material was used to preconcentrate molybdenum from a sea-water sample prior to determination by ICP-OES [87]. An improvement in the detection limit by a factor of approximately 50 was obtained for a 50-ml sample volume.…”

“…Elution was with 250 µI of 2 M ammonia solution. Molybdenum and tungsten have been determined by plasma source ICP-AFS after preconcentration on an Amberlite IRA-93 anion-exchange resin and elution with 2 M am monia solution in 70% (v /v) ethanol [87]. The ethanol suppresses the formation of metal oxides in the low-power atom source plasma.…”

Flow-injection atomic spectrometry: a new analytical technique

“…This last group may be subdivided according to the chemicalAJasis for the procedure. These include precipitation [50], electrodeposition [51,52], liquid-liquid extraction [47][48][49], vapor generation [l}, [53][54][55][56][57][58][59] and solid phase extraction [18,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. It is not possible to provide a rigid categorization of these papers as several of them contain topics that could be con sidered in more than one category.…”