On mechanical mechanism of damage evolution in articular cartilage

Men, Yutao; Jiang, Yanlong; Chen, Ling; Zhang, Chun-qiu; Ye, Jinduo

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.289

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The current values were estimated from earlier studies and after several additional simulations (sensitivity analysis, ranges given in the methods), contrasting between the numerical predictions and experimental FCD decrease observations. In agreement with our values, previous studies have reported thresholds 15 , 17 , 29 and failure strains close to our values 13 , 14 , 16 , 50 . Likewise, other investigations have established similar fluid velocity values to predict bone formation and mass transport processes in cartilage 29 , 56 , 65 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A novel mechanobiological model can predict how physiologically relevant dynamic loading causes proteoglycan loss in mechanically injured articular cartilage

Orozco

Tanska

Florea

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

132

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Cartilage provides low-friction properties and plays an essential role in diarthrodial joints. A hydrated ground substance composed mainly of proteoglycans (PGs) and a fibrillar collagen network are the main constituents of cartilage. Unfortunately, traumatic joint loading can destroy this complex structure and produce lesions in tissue, leading later to changes in tissue composition and, ultimately, to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Consequently, the fixed charge density (FCD) of PGs may decrease near the lesion. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to these tissue changes are unknown. Here, knee cartilage disks from bovine calves were injuriously compressed, followed by a physiologically relevant dynamic compression for twelve days. FCD content at different follow-up time points was assessed using digital densitometry. A novel cartilage degeneration model was developed by implementing deviatoric and maximum shear strain, as well as fluid velocity controlled algorithms to simulate the FCD loss as a function of time. Predicted loss of FCD was quite uniform around the cartilage lesions when the degeneration algorithm was driven by the fluid velocity, while the deviatoric and shear strain driven mechanisms exhibited slightly discontinuous FCD loss around cracks. Our degeneration algorithm predictions fitted well with the FCD content measured from the experiments. The developed model could subsequently be applied for prediction of FCD depletion around different cartilage lesions and for suggesting optimal rehabilitation protocols.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

A novel mechanobiological model can predict how physiologically relevant dynamic loading causes proteoglycan loss in mechanically injured articular cartilage

Orozco

Tanska

Florea

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

132

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“…In the broader field of material damage and failure, the effects of both inhomogeneous material properties and time-dependent processes are active areas of research, especially for soft materials, such as hydrogels. In layered systems, cracks have been observed to propagate toward and then along interfaces (Barthelat et al, 2016; Dunlop et al, 2011), which is not unlike the crack deflection often observed in articular cartilage (Jeffrey et al, 1995; Men et al, 2017; Thambyah et al, 2012), and may be related to the difference between surface-intact and -removed groups observed here. In hydrogels, both viscoelasticity and poroelasticity are known to modify the material failure and damage in complex ways (Bouklas et al, 2015; Fakhouri et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Local and global measurements show that damage initiation in articular cartilage is inhibited by the surface layer and has significant rate dependence

Bartell

Bonassar

et al. 2018

Journal of Biomechanics

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Cracks in articular cartilage are a common sign of joint damage, but failure properties of cartilage are poorly understood, especially for damage initiation. Cartilage failure may be further complicated by rate-dependent and depth-dependent properties, including the compliant surface layer. Existing blunt impact methods do not resolve local cartilage inhomogeneities and traditional fracture mechanics tests induce crack blunting and may violate underlying assumptions of linear elasticity. To address this knowledge gap, we developed and applied a method to indent cartilage explants with a sharp blade and initiate damage across a range of loading rates (strain rates 0.5%/s-500%/s), while recording local sample deformation and strain energy fields using confocal elastography. To investigate the importance of cartilage's compliant surface, we repeated the experiment for samples with the surface removed. Bulk data suggest a critical force at which the tissue cuts, but local strains reveals that the deformation the sample can sustain before reaching this force is significantly higher in the surface layer. Bulk and local results also showed significant rate dependence, such that samples were easier to cut at faster speeds. This result highlights the importance of rate for understanding cracks in cartilage and parallels recent studies of rate-dependent failure in hydrogels. Notably, local sample deformation fields were well fit by classical Hookean elasticity. Overall, this study illustrates how local and global measurements surrounding the initiation of damage in articular cartilage can be combined to reveal the importance of cartilage's zonal structure in protecting against failure across physiologically relevant loading rates.

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“…Many studies focused on the treatment of full-thickness defects and osteochondral defects. But most of the cartilage defects observed in OA joints are partial-thickness, such defects need to be studied as well due to their different nature and extent of tissue damage [ 153 , 154 ]. For each kind of cartilage defect, the most suitable treatment strategy should be deployed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced hydrogels for the repair of cartilage defects and regeneration

Wei

Yao

et al. 2021

Bioactive Materials

252

176

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Cartilage defects are one of the most common symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease that affects millions of people world-wide and places a significant socio-economic burden on society. Hydrogels, which are a class of biomaterials that are elastic, and display smooth surfaces while exhibiting high water content, are promising candidates for cartilage regeneration. In recent years, various kinds of hydrogels have been developed and applied for the repair of cartilage defects in vitro or in vivo , some of which are hopeful to enter clinical trials. In this review, recent research findings and developments of hydrogels for cartilage defects repair are summarized. We discuss the principle of cartilage regeneration, and outline the requirements that have to be fulfilled for the deployment of hydrogels for medical applications. We also highlight the development of advanced hydrogels with tailored properties for different kinds of cartilage defects to meet the requirements of cartilage tissue engineering and precision medicine.

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On mechanical mechanism of damage evolution in articular cartilage

Cited by 27 publications

References 51 publications

A novel mechanobiological model can predict how physiologically relevant dynamic loading causes proteoglycan loss in mechanically injured articular cartilage

A novel mechanobiological model can predict how physiologically relevant dynamic loading causes proteoglycan loss in mechanically injured articular cartilage

Local and global measurements show that damage initiation in articular cartilage is inhibited by the surface layer and has significant rate dependence

Advanced hydrogels for the repair of cartilage defects and regeneration

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